Display Panel Light Leakage Reduction via Liquid Crystal Lensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal display panels experience light leakage due to the diffraction effect of electrodes on light, which cannot be completely shielded by the light shielding portion, leading to reduced aperture ratio and display effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a second dielectric layer with a higher refractive index than the first electrode and dielectric layer, positioned between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, to refract and converge light towards the light shielding portion, reducing light leakage without increasing the light shielding portion's width.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If a light shielding portion is used to block diffracted light, then light leakage is reduced, but the aperture ratio decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful diffraction effect of the first electrode into a beneficial effect by using a second electrode to generate a liquid crystal lens that focuses the diffracted light onto the light shielding portion. This transforms the light leakage problem caused by diffraction into an opportunity to efficiently direct light toward the shielding portion, reducing light leakage without increasing its width and thereby maintaining a high aperture ratio.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the optical parameters of the system by applying a voltage to the second electrode, which alters the refractive index distribution in the liquid crystal layer. This creates a gradient refractive index structure that functions as a lens, focusing light onto the light shielding portion. The parameter change enables dynamic control of light paths to minimize leakage while preserving aperture area.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the light shielding portion width is increased to block more light, then light leakage is reduced, but the device complexity and manufacturing difficulty increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces the second electrode and the liquid crystal lens as intermediary elements between the first electrode and the light shielding portion. This intermediary optical system focuses the diffracted light onto the shielding portion, enabling effective light leakage reduction with a compact light shielding structure. The intermediary lens system achieves what would otherwise require a much larger shielding width.
3Ease of manufacture
If the first electrode structure is simplified for easier manufacture, then manufacturing precision of light control decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses the second electrode to create an optical copy or simulation of a complex lens structure through the liquid crystal medium. Instead of manufacturing a physically complex lens, the system uses electrical control of liquid crystal molecules to replicate the optical function of a gradient index lens. This copying approach maintains high light control precision while simplifying the physical electrode structure for easier manufacture.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly reduces light leakage rates to less than 0.0051%, enhancing the display's dark state performance and maintaining a high aperture ratio by effectively directing light towards the shielding portion.
Implementation Method 1
Incorporating a second dielectric layer with a higher refractive index than the first electrode and dielectric layer, positioned between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, to refract and converge light towards the light shielding portion
Implementation Method 2
in the first state, the liquid crystal layer being able to converge a light incident from a side, close to the first substrate, of the liquid crystal layer to the light shielding portion
Implementation Method 3
in the second state, the liquid crystal layer being able to diffuse the light to a portion between the light shielding portions to exit from the second substrate
Implementation Method 4
a first dielectric layer for planarizing the plurality of first electrodes
Data Source
AI summary
The embodiments of the present disclosure provide a display panel. The display panel includes a first substrate, a second substrate disposed opposite to the first substrate, and a liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate, a plurality of first electrodes disposed on a side, close to the second substrate, of the first substrate and spaced apart at intervals, a first dielectric layer for planarizing the plurality of first electrodes, a second dielectric layer disposed on a side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the first dielectric layer, a light shielding portion disposed on the side, close to the liquid crystal layer, of the second substrate, and a control circuit configured to apply a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode so that the liquid crystal layer is in a first state or a second state.