Display Panel Pixel Layout for Under-Display Optical Devices
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
The integration of optical devices in display panels, such as cameras, limits the design of full-screen displays due to reduced light transmittance and degraded pixel driving characteristics.
Innovation Solution
A display panel design with separate pixel areas, utilizing oxide and polysilicon semiconductor transistors, and a shielding layer under polysilicon transistors, allows for optical devices to be placed under the display panel without compromising light transmittance or pixel performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of stationary object
If optical devices are placed under the display panel to overlap with pixels, then full-screen display is realized, but light transmittance is reduced and pixel driving characteristics are degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel area is divided into a first pixel area with first pixels and a second pixel area with second pixels. The optical device overlaps with the second pixel area but not the first, allowing segmentation of the display area to accommodate the optical device while maintaining full-screen display capability.
Solution Approach 2:
Different transistor structures are used in different regions: oxide semiconductor transistors in the first pixel area and polysilicon semiconductor transistors in the second pixel area. This local differentiation allows the second pixel area to have optimized properties for optical device compatibility while the first area maintains standard performance.
Solution Approach 3:
A shielding layer is introduced as an intermediary element under the second pixel area to block infrared rays from reaching the polysilicon transistors. This mediator prevents the harmful thermal effects of infrared radiation on the transistor characteristics while allowing the optical device to function.
2Area of stationary object
If optical devices are placed under the display panel, then full-screen display is realized, but light transmittance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The display area is segmented into first and second pixel areas with different optical characteristics. The first pixel area is optimized for light transmittance while the second pixel area accommodates the optical device, allowing the overall display to maintain full-screen capability with minimized impact on light transmittance.
Solution Approach 2:
Different semiconductor materials are used in different regions to optimize local properties. The oxide semiconductor transistors in the first pixel area provide better light transmittance characteristics, while the polysilicon transistors in the second pixel area provide better electrical performance for the optical device region.
3Reliability
If polysilicon transistors are used in the second pixel area, then pixel driving characteristics are improved, but infrared exposure causes black luminance increase
Solution Approach 1:
A shielding layer is placed under the second pixel area as an intermediary to block infrared rays from reaching the polysilicon transistors. This mediator prevents the infrared radiation from causing thermal effects that would increase black luminance, while allowing the polysilicon transistors to provide their electrical performance benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
The shielding layer converts the potentially harmful infrared radiation into a blocked pathway, preventing the infrared rays from reaching the polysilicon transistors. This transforms the harmful thermal effect into a protected state, maintaining both the electrical performance of polysilicon transistors and preventing black luminance increase.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables a full-screen display with improved image sensing and facial recognition performance while reducing power consumption and preventing black luminance increases from infrared exposure.
Implementation Method 1
configuring a shielding layer for blocking infrared rays in a transistor whose current-voltage characteristic change is sensitively changed upon exposure to infrared rays
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus may include a first pixel area including a first plurality of pixels, and a second pixel area including a second plurality of pixels. A pixel circuit for each of the first plurality of pixels and the second plurality of pixels may include a first plurality of transistors having an oxide semiconductor layer, and a second plurality of transistors having a polysilicon semiconductor layer. A shielding layer may be disposed under a portion of the second plurality of transistors having the polysilicon semiconductor layer.