Display Refractive Layer With Particle Gradient for Front Visibility
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Solution Overview
Problem
Display apparatuses face challenges in achieving accurate and clear color representation while maintaining a large size and thin profile, requiring innovative solutions to enhance light-emitting efficiency and visibility.
Innovation Solution
The display apparatus incorporates a refractive layer with a first layer and a second layer, where the second layer has a higher concentration of high refractive particles, arranged through an inkjet or deposition process, to adjust light paths and increase light-extraction efficiency, and includes an input sensing layer and a polarizing layer for improved performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If a display apparatus is made larger and thinner, then it is more appealing and better accommodated by electronic devices, but light-emitting efficiency and color accuracy deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by introducing a refractive layer with specifically controlled refractive index (higher than surrounding layers) to optimize light extraction. By adjusting the refractive index parameter of the added layer, the patent improves light-emitting efficiency without increasing the overall device thickness, thus resolving the contradiction between thin profile and light efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses composite materials by introducing a refractive layer composed of specific materials with desired optical properties. This layer acts as an optical composite structure that enhances light extraction efficiency while maintaining the thin form factor, addressing the contradiction between thickness reduction and light-emitting performance.
2Volume of moving object
If a display apparatus is made larger and thinner, then it is more appealing and better accommodated by electronic devices, but color accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by optimizing the refractive index of the added layer to improve color accuracy. By carefully selecting the refractive index parameter, the patent enhances light extraction while maintaining color fidelity, thus resolving the contradiction between thin profile and color accuracy without requiring increased thickness.
3Illumination intensity
If a refractive layer with high refractive index is added to improve light extraction, then light-emitting efficiency improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the optical path into distinct layers with different refractive indices. The refractive layer is segmented as a separate functional layer between the pixel layer and the front surface, allowing independent optimization of each layer's optical properties. This segmented approach improves light extraction while keeping the overall structure manageable through clear functional division.
Solution Approach 2:
The refractive layer serves multiple functions simultaneously: it extracts light from the pixel layer, maintains color accuracy, and preserves the thin form factor. By designing this single layer to fulfill multiple optical functions, the patent reduces the need for additional complex layers, thus improving light-emitting efficiency while limiting the increase in device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances light-emitting efficiency, increases front visibility, and improves the overall display quality by optimizing light path changes and refractive index differences within the refractive layer.
Implementation Method 1
A portion of light emitted from the display element is totally reflected by an interface between an inner wall of the opening and the second refractive layer and thus a light path is changed
Implementation Method 2
The second refractive layer has a refractive index different from that of the first refractive layer
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus includes a substrate, a pixel layer arranged over the substrate and including a plurality of display elements, an encapsulation member sealing the pixel layer, and a refractive layer arranged on the encapsulation layer and including a first refractive layer and a second refractive layer. The first refractive layer includes openings that correspond to the plurality of display elements, and the second refractive layer includes high refractive particles. The second refractive layer includes a first layer and a second layer, the first layer includes the high refractive particles dispersed in a first concentration, and the second layer includes the high refractive particles dispersed in a second concentration different from the first concentration.