Active Matrix Display Pixel Compensation Using Calibration Lookup Tables

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Solution Overview

Problem

Active matrix displays, such as AMOLEDs, face non-uniform output due to variations in threshold voltage and manufacturing differences between pixels, limiting resolution and requiring additional transistors for compensation.

Innovation Solution

A method to determine a compensated voltage for each pixel, accounting for differences in the relation between applied voltage and threshold voltage, using individual calibration values to ensure uniform light intensity across the display, which can be stored in a look-up table or calculated using constants, and updating these values periodically to account for threshold voltage variations.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If compensation circuits for handling threshold voltage variations are used, then uniform display output is improved, but device complexity increases due to larger number of transistors needed within each pixel

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveuniform display outputVSAvoidnumber of transistors per pixel
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the compensation approach from circuit-based (adding transistors) to parameter-based (storing calibration values). Each pixel's drive transistor characteristics are characterized during manufacturing and stored as calibration values in a lookup table. During operation, these calibration values are used to adjust drive voltages to compensate for threshold voltage variations, achieving uniform display output without adding transistors to each pixel.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Device complexity

If a common relation is used to determine compensated voltage for all pixels, then device complexity is reduced, but manufacturing precision deteriorates due to geometric variations between pixels

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecompensation method simplicityVSAvoidgeometric variations between pixels
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by assigning individual calibration values to each pixel based on its specific characteristics. During manufacturing, each pixel's drive transistor is characterized and stored with unique calibration data in a lookup table. This allows each pixel to be compensated according to its local geometric variations and manufacturing tolerances, rather than applying a uniform compensation scheme to all pixels.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Manufacturing precision

If individual calibration values are stored for each pixel to compensate for manufacturing variations, then manufacturing precision is improved, but memory usage increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepixel-to-pixel uniformityVSAvoidmemory capacity for calibration data
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the compensation function from the pixel circuitry and places it in an external lookup table stored in memory. Instead of implementing compensation circuits within each pixel, the calibration data is extracted and stored separately, allowing the display controller to perform compensation calculations externally. This reduces the memory requirement compared to storing full compensation circuits while still achieving pixel-to-pixel uniformity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP3570268B1An active matrix display and a method for driving an active matrix display
Publication Date: 2024.01.24 INTERUNIVERSITAIR MICRO ELECTRONICS CENT (IMEC VZW)
  • EP3570268B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3570268B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3570268B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

A method for driving an active matrix display comprising a plurality of pixels (110), wherein each pixel (110) comprises a drive transistor (120) having a driver gate (122) and a calibration gate (129), is disclosed. The method comprises: receiving information of a desired image to be displayed; determining a compensated voltage for the driver gate (122) for each pixel (110) based on calibration data; and outputting the compensated voltage for the driver gate for each of the pixels. The calibration data comprises a set of individual calibration values applying to different pixels (110), wherein said compensated voltage compensates for differences between pixels affecting a relation of an intensity of light output by the pixel (110) as function of a difference between the voltage applied to the driver gate (122) and a threshold voltage of the drive transistor (120).