Display Substrate Retaining Wall for Under-Screen Optical Integration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current display technologies face challenges in achieving a high screen-to-body ratio, particularly in integrating optical devices like cameras under the display screen, as external light finds it difficult to pass through the back light module in LCDs and OLEDs, limiting the placement of such devices and hindering full-screen designs.
Innovation Solution
A display substrate design featuring a display area and a frame area with sub-pixels, encapsulation layers, and retaining walls, allowing for the placement of optical devices like cameras beneath the display screen while maintaining effective encapsulation and light transmission, by using a structure with multiple layers and flat layers that extend across the retaining walls and transition areas to manage light and fluid flow.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of moving object
If optical devices are placed below the display screen to increase screen-to-body ratio, then the screen-to-body ratio is improved, but light transmission is blocked and the optical devices cannot function properly
Solution Approach 1:
The display screen is divided into a display area and a frame area. The frame area is further segmented into a first frame area and a second frame area, with the second frame area having a transparent background layer that allows light transmission for optical device placement. This segmentation enables different functional zones within the screen structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a multi-layer vertical structure with background layers, encapsulation layers, and retaining walls at different heights. The second frame area extends into a lower dimension with a transparent background layer positioned below the main display area, creating a three-dimensional arrangement that allows optical devices to be placed underneath while maintaining light transmission paths.
2Area of moving object
If a retaining wall structure is added to enable optical device placement, then the screen-to-body ratio is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The retaining wall structure serves multiple functions: it defines the boundary between the display area and frame area, provides structural support for the encapsulation layer, creates the necessary height differential for optical device placement, and maintains the integrity of the display substrate. The background layer also serves dual purposes as both a structural element and a light transmission medium.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a nested structure where the first background layer is positioned within the frame area, the second background layer is nested within the second frame area below the first, and optical devices are positioned within the space created by these nested layers. This nested arrangement allows multiple functional elements to coexist in a compact configuration.
3Reliability
If the encapsulation layer is extended to cover the retaining wall, then the encapsulation effect is improved, but the manufacturing precision requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The retaining wall structure is constructed before the encapsulation layer is deposited. The first and second background layers are formed first, creating the retaining wall structure that defines the boundaries. This preliminary construction provides clear physical guides and boundaries that simplify the subsequent encapsulation layer deposition process, as the encapsulation layer can be directly deposited over the pre-formed retaining wall structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The encapsulation layer is applied with different thicknesses and coverage areas in different regions. In the display area, the encapsulation layer covers only the active display region, while in the frame area, it extends to cover the retaining wall structure. This localized variation in encapsulation coverage reduces the overall complexity of the manufacturing process while maintaining protection where needed.
Data Source
AI summary
A display substrate and a display device are disclosed. The display substrate includes a display area and a frame area, and the display substrate includes a substrate, a plurality of sub-pixels on a side of the substrate, the plurality of sub-pixels are configured to emit light in the display area, an encapsulation layer on a side of the plurality of sub-pixels away from the substrate, and a retaining wall located in the frame area, the retaining wall is located between the encapsulation layer and the substrate and includes a first sub-retaining wall, a second sub-retaining wall, and a transition area between the first sub-retaining wall and the second sub-retaining wall, the retaining wall includes at least one layer provided in the same layer, the at least one layer provided in the same layer continuously extends across the first sub-retaining wall, the second sub-retaining wall and the transition area.