Display Screen Assembly with Coupling Grating for Under-Display Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electronic devices face challenges in maximizing screen-to-body ratio and improving image acquisition efficiency, particularly when cameras are integrated beneath the display screen, leading to inefficiencies in light transmission and image capture.
Innovation Solution
A display screen assembly with a coupling grating and an electrically-controlled light-passing device is employed, where the screen is divided into regions with varying light transmittance, and an optical imaging device receives light from a high-transmittance region after it is coupled and transmitted through the grating, while an electrically-controlled device manages light entry to enhance image acquisition.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Area of moving object
If the camera is disposed below the display screen to improve screen-to-body ratio, then the screen-to-body ratio is improved, but light transmission efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a light guide plate as an intermediary component between the display screen and the camera. The light guide plate receives ambient light from the display screen area and guides it to the camera sensor below, effectively mediating the light transmission path. This resolves the contradiction by enabling the camera to be positioned below the screen (improving screen-to-body ratio) while maintaining efficient light transmission through the light guide plate mechanism.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the light transmission path from a direct vertical path to a three-dimensional path involving the light guide plate. By utilizing the thickness dimension of the light guide plate and implementing light reflection/refraction within this volume, the system achieves efficient light guiding from the display area to the camera sensor, overcoming the limitation of direct line-of-sight blockage.
2Reliability
If a non-display area is set for the camera to improve image acquisition, then image acquisition capability is improved, but screen-to-body ratio deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes the display screen area serve multiple functions: it acts as both the display surface and the light source for the camera through the light guide plate mechanism. The display screen pixels serve dual purposes - displaying visual information and providing ambient light for image capture. This eliminates the need for separate non-display areas dedicated to the camera, thereby improving screen-to-body ratio while maintaining image acquisition capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges the display function and camera function into a single integrated area. The display screen and camera sensor share the same physical space, with the light guide plate enabling the display area to simultaneously serve as the light source for the camera. This consolidation eliminates the need for separate camera apertures or non-display areas, achieving both high screen-to-body ratio and effective image capture.
3Productivity
If light transmittance of the display screen is increased to improve image capture, then image acquisition efficiency is improved, but display quality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the light utilization function: the display screen maintains its normal display function with standard light transmittance, while a separate light guide plate structure captures and redirects the light that would otherwise be lost. The light guide plate selectively extracts light for camera use without compromising the display's visual output, as it utilizes light that would otherwise be absorbed or scattered by the display structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different optical properties to different regions and components: the display screen maintains its standard light transmittance for optimal display quality, while the light guide plate is specifically designed with high light extraction and guidance efficiency. The camera area below the screen is optimized for light reception. This localized optimization allows each component to perform its function at peak efficiency without compromising others.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances image acquisition efficiency by minimizing light loss and enabling seamless image composition, improving the screen-to-body ratio and image clarity.
Implementation Method 1
a coupling grating, disposed on a side of the display screen, wherein the coupling grating is configured to couple and transmit an external light being incident toward the first region to the second region
Implementation Method 2
light transmittance of the first region being less than light transmittance of the second region
Implementation Method 3
an electrically-controlled light-passing device, disposed on a side of the coupling grating facing away from the display screen, wherein the electrically-controlled light-passing device is opposite to the first region, and the electrically-controlled light-passing device is configured to allow the external light to be incident toward the first region or block the external light from being incident toward the first region
Implementation Method 4
an optical imaging device, disposed on another side of the display screen, wherein the optical imaging device is opposite to the second region, and the optical imaging device is configured to receive the external light emitted from the second region
Data Source
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AI summary
A display screen assembly (10), an electronic device (100), and an image acquisition method. The display screen assembly (10) comprises: a display screen (11) comprising a first region (111) and a second region (112); a coupling grating (12), wherein the coupling grating (12) guides external light (X) incident towards the first region (111) by coupling to be incident towards the second region (112); and an electro-light passing device (13), the electro-light passing device (13) allowing the external light (X) to be incident towards the first region (111) or blocking the external light (X) from being incident towards the first region (111).