Display Transmittance Control Film for Reflectance and Color Stability

The patent applies different transmittance characteristics to different regions of the transmittance control film. The first area (overlapping non-light-emitting areas) has lower transmittance to reduce reflectance from wirings and electrodes, while the second area (overlapping light-emitting areas) has higher transmittance to maintain color accuracy and prevent reddish reflection. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction between reducing reflectance and maintaining reflective color.

The patent uses a photochromic dye that changes its optical properties based on light exposure. The dye transitions between colored and colorless states, allowing the film to dynamically adjust its transmittance. This color-changing mechanism enables the film to reduce reflectance in non-light-emitting areas while maintaining transparency in light-emitting areas, thus improving both reflectance control and reflective color.

The patent merges the functions of the black matrix and the transmittance control film into a single integrated layer. The transmittance control film is formed directly on the thin-film transistor array substrate, combining the reflectance reduction function of the black matrix with the transmittance control function. This integration eliminates the need for separate black matrix application, reducing manufacturing complexity while achieving both reflectance reduction and color improvement.

The transmittance control film serves multiple functions simultaneously: it acts as a protective layer, a transmittance control layer, and a reflectance reduction layer. By making this single layer multi-functional, the patent eliminates the need for separate specialized layers like the black matrix, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process while achieving the desired optical performance.