Distillation Nozzle for Solid Separation in Fluid Purification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current water purification methods, such as mechanical filtration and membrane distillation, are inefficient in separating solids from fluids without chemical treatments and high energy consumption, limiting their effectiveness and sustainability.
Innovation Solution
A fluid purification system by distillation that accelerates the fluid to speeds approaching the speed of sound using a nozzle, reducing pressure and allowing solid components to vaporize, separating them from clean vapor which is then condensed into purified water, utilizing renewable energy sources for heating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If mechanical filtration or membrane distillation is used to separate solids from fluids, then purification is achieved, but energy consumption increases and chemical treatments are required
Solution Approach 1:
The invention utilizes phase transition of water from liquid to vapor and back to liquid through distillation. Water is vaporized by heating and then condensed to produce purified water, while solids remain in the liquid phase and are separated. This phase transition mechanism achieves effective purification without requiring chemical treatments or excessive energy consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The purification process is divided into distinct stages: heating/vaporization stage where water converts to vapor leaving solids behind, and condensation stage where vapor converts back to liquid. This segmentation allows solids to be separated from water through phase change without requiring complex filtration systems or high energy input.
2Reliability
If conventional distillation is used to separate solids from fluids, then purification is achieved, but the process becomes complex and energy-intensive
Solution Approach 1:
The system relies on the natural phase transition of water from liquid to vapor and back to liquid. By controlling heating and condensation processes, effective purification is achieved through simple phase changes rather than complex mechanical or chemical interventions, reducing overall process complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention replaces complex mechanical filtration systems with a thermal-based phase transition system. Instead of using membranes, filters, or mechanical separation devices, the process uses heating to vaporize water and condensation to collect purified water, simplifying the overall system architecture.
3Reliability
If chemical treatments are used to purify water, then purification effectiveness is improved, but environmental sustainability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces chemical treatment methods with a physical phase transition process. Water is purified through vaporization and condensation without adding any chemical substances, eliminating harmful chemical byproducts and environmental contamination while maintaining high purification effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The process converts the natural evaporation tendency of water into a beneficial purification mechanism. By harnessing the phase transition from liquid to vapor and back, the system achieves purification without harmful chemicals, turning a natural physical property into an environmentally friendly solution.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method achieves high-purity water production with minimal energy consumption and no chemical treatments, effectively separating solids from fluids like seawater, producing clean water and solid waste efficiently.
Implementation Method 1
The pressure of fluid passing through the nozzle lowers, reaching a state of depression that enables it to reach its vapor pressure at that temperature
Implementation Method 2
a fluid with solid components in solution at high temperature and high pressure is passed through a nozzle until it reaches a speed approaching the speed of sound
Implementation Method 3
The pressure of fluid passing through the nozzle lowers, reaching a state of depression that enables it to reach its vapor pressure at that temperature, this time point being when the solid components of the fluid in gaseous state are separated
Implementation Method 4
whereby the liquid vapor flows through the pores of the membrane towards the other side of said membrane, and condensing said vapor in the other side of said membrane to produce a distillate stream
Data Source
AI summary
Method and plant for fluid purification by distillation comprising a reservoir (1) with a fluid containing diluted solids provided with an impurities filter on its outlet (2); a pump (3) connected to the reservoir outlet (1) and set up to increase the fluid containing solids pressure and temperature; and a heat area (4) for the fluid containing solids comprising a plurality of ducts contacting with a heat transfer fluid; and, furthermore, comprising a convergent-divergent nozzle (5) connected to the heat area outlet (4) and set to increase the biphasic liquid-vapor fluid speed so the diluted solids contained in the fluid already heated settle in a solids reservoir (6), whereas the fluid passes to a condenser (7) and then to a purified fluid reservoir (8) already in liquid state.