Distributed Avionics Processing via Node Communication Controllers
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current integrated modular avionics (IMA) architectures are complex, difficult to certify, and do not scale adequately for large numbers of applications, leading to increased hardware costs and reduced functionality.
Innovation Solution
An integrated modular avionics system with distributed processing capabilities, featuring line-replaceable units (LRUs) equipped with network communication controllers (NCCs) that include embedded processors, I/O controllers, and high-speed data links, allowing for decentralized processing and efficient data routing between avionics modules via optical, AFDX, or Ethernet networks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If centralized processing architecture is used, then system control is simplified, but device complexity and hardware costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the centralized processing function into distributed processing nodes embedded within each LRU. Each LRU contains a processor that can independently execute code, transforming the monolithic centralized architecture into a modular distributed architecture. This segmentation reduces the complexity of system control while lowering hardware costs through standardized modular components.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements universal processing capabilities within each LRU through embedded processors that can host multiple avionics functions. This multi-functionality allows a single LRU to perform various roles (communication, navigation, surveillance, etc.), reducing the need for specialized hardware for each function and thereby lowering overall hardware costs.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple aircraft functions are integrated on a common processing environment, then functionality is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the integrated processing environment into separate processing domains, with each LRU operating as an independent processing node. This segmentation allows multiple aircraft functions to be integrated across distributed nodes rather than consolidated in a single complex system, maintaining functionality while reducing integration complexity through modular architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamic code loading and execution capabilities that allow the processing environment to adapt to different functional requirements. Code can be loaded, unloaded, and reconfigured at runtime, enabling the system to integrate multiple aircraft functions dynamically without permanent complex interconnections, thereby reducing integration complexity.
3Productivity
If current IMA architectures are used, then avionics functions are consolidated, but scalability is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the IMA architecture into independent, standardized LRU modules that can be freely added or removed from the network. Each LRU is a self-contained processing node with embedded processor and communication capabilities. This segmentation enables linear scalability - new functions can be added by simply adding more LRUs to the network without reconfiguring the entire system, overcoming the scalability limitations of traditional IMA architectures.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a hierarchical processing structure where embedded processors within LRUs can host avionics functions that are nested within the broader distributed processing environment. This nesting allows multiple levels of functional integration - from individual LRU-level functions to system-wide functions - enabling scalable consolidation of avionics functions while maintaining the ability to add new functions at any level.
Data Source
AI summary
The node communication controller (NCC) suitable for use in a line-replaceable unit (LRU) of a modular avionics system may include one or more embedded processors configured to host one or more functions associated with at least one avionics module of an avionics system, an input/output (I/O) controller, and one or more I/O ports, wherein the I/O controller is configured to route data between the one or more embedded processors and the at least one avionics module via the one or more I/O ports and a network communication bus, wherein the I/O controller is further configured to route data between a host processor of the LRU and an additional avionics module via the one or more I/O ports and the network communication bus.