Distributed Base Station Parameter Coordination via X2+ Interface
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing cellular network parameter settings, particularly in frequency reuse planning, are static and cannot adapt to dynamic changes in user equipment migration, leading to increased inter-cell interference, and require a centralized coordinator for updates which may not be available.
Innovation Solution
A distributed and dynamic coordination method between base stations using an extended inter-cell interface (X2+) for exchanging parameter settings and supplementary information, allowing each base station to update its settings based on neighbor information without a central coordinator, using a three-step procedure that ensures convergence to a globally optimal solution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If static frequency reuse planning is used, then network deployment is simplified, but the system cannot adapt to dynamic changes in user equipment migration leading to increased inter-cell interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms static frequency reuse planning into a dynamic system where base stations autonomously adjust their frequency allocation parameters in real-time based on changing network conditions, user equipment distribution, and interference levels, enabling the system to adapt to dynamic changes without centralized control
Solution Approach 2:
Each base station independently monitors its own interference conditions and autonomously selects frequency parameters that optimize its performance while considering neighboring cells, eliminating the need for a centralized coordinator and reducing overall system complexity
2Reliability
If a centralized coordinator is used for dynamic parameter updates, then optimal network-wide solutions can be achieved, but the system requires infrastructure that may not be available and increases complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the centralized coordination function into distributed segments where each base station independently performs parameter optimization based on local information and exchanges minimal signaling with neighbors, eliminating the need for a centralized coordinator while maintaining optimization capabilities
Solution Approach 2:
Base stations continuously monitor interference conditions and exchange parameter information with neighboring cells, using this feedback to iteratively adjust their frequency allocation decisions and converge to optimal network-wide solutions without centralized control
3Adaptability or versatility
If frequent parameter updates are performed to adapt to changing conditions, then interference is reduced, but the system may experience ping-pong effects and fail to converge
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic parameter updates with randomized timing and orthogonal partitioning of update cycles across different base stations, allowing the system to adapt to changing conditions while avoiding synchronized changes that cause ping-pong effects and ensuring convergence to stable solutions
Solution Approach 2:
Different base stations perform parameter updates at different times and with different update patterns, creating asymmetric update schedules that prevent simultaneous changes across the network and eliminate ping-pong effects while maintaining adaptability
Data Source
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AI summary
An apparatus, system, and method for dynamic, distributed coordination of parameters between a plurality of base stations (11a-11g) in a cellular telecommunication network (10). An inter-cell X2+ communication interface (36) connecting each given base station with the given base station's neighboring base stations is extended to communicate parameter settings between the given base station and the neighboring base stations. An apparatus in each given base station receives (22) from the given base station's neighboring base stations, parameter settings being utilized by the neighboring base stations for transmitting and/or receiving in associated neighboring cells. The apparatus utilizes (22) the parameter settings received from the neighboring base stations as factors to determine local parameter settings for the given base station. The given base station then sends (23) the local parameter settings and supplemental information to the neighboring base stations so that optimal network-wide parameter settings can be selected.