Distributed Circuit Parameter Extraction for High-Frequency Networks
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
In high-frequency elements, the accuracy of equivalent circuit models using lumped constant circuits is compromised due to the insufficient wavelength of high-frequency signals relative to lumped constant elements, leading to inaccuracies in parameter extraction and frequency-dependent characteristics.
Innovation Solution
A calculation method and device that utilize a distributed constant circuit model to improve accuracy by extracting and optimizing parameters based on intrinsic and distributed constant circuit models, using a processor to calculate matrices and impedance elements for improved frequency representation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a lumped constant circuit model is used for high-frequency elements, then the model structure is simple and easy to implement, but the modeling accuracy deteriorates due to insufficient wavelength representation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the fixed lumped constant parameters into frequency-dependent parameters by introducing a transmission line model. The impedance elements are replaced with distributed constant circuit elements characterized by series resistance R, series inductance L, shunt conductance G, and shunt capacitance C per unit length. This parameter transformation enables the model to accurately represent frequency-dependent characteristics while maintaining computational tractability through the telegrapher's equations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a zero-dimensional lumped constant model to a one-dimensional distributed model along the transmission line length. By introducing the spatial dimension and dividing the transmission line into infinitesimal segments, the model captures the continuous distribution of electrical parameters along the line, enabling accurate representation of wave propagation effects and frequency-dependent behavior that cannot be modeled with lumped constants.
2Measurement precision
If a distributed constant circuit model is used to improve frequency representation, then the modeling accuracy improves, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the transmission line into N identical infinitesimal sections, each represented by a lumped equivalent circuit containing series impedance (R+Ls) and shunt admittance (G+C). This segmentation approach allows the complex distributed model to be constructed from repeated simple unit cells, facilitating both analytical treatment through matrix multiplication and numerical implementation while maintaining modeling accuracy.
3Measurement precision
If parameter extraction is performed using multiple voltage sets, then the extraction accuracy improves, but the calculation time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary measurements at multiple voltage sets (N different voltage combinations) to extract the frequency-dependent parameters R, L, G, and C. By conducting these measurements in advance across the full voltage range, the method establishes a comprehensive parameter database that can then be used for rapid S-parameter calculations at any operating point, avoiding the need for repeated time-consuming measurements during subsequent simulations.
Data Source
AI summary
A calculation method includes acquiring N matrices corresponding to N sets, each of N matrices being a matrix of a circuit network including first and second terminals, each of N sets being a set of first voltage applied to first terminal and second voltage applied to second terminal, and extracting values of L parameters based on N matrices using a first model of an intrinsic circuit and a second model of a distributed constant circuit. First model is represented by a function of at least one of first voltage and second voltage, each of L/2 impedance elements includes first end connected to one of first to sixth terminals, and second end connected to terminal other than the one of first to sixth terminals, and second model is represented by values of L parameters including two real number parameters related to impedance of each of L/2 impedance elements.