Rule-Based Grid Fault Detection With Distributed Measurements
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electric grids face challenges in accurately detecting and localizing faults due to various environmental and operational factors, which can affect network performance and reliability.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising grid measuring devices with current and voltage sensors that measure and analyze electrical and physical parameters, using predefined rules to detect faults by correlating measurements across multiple devices, and communicating results for fault detection and localization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple grid measuring devices are distributed across the electric grid to improve fault detection accuracy, then measurement precision and fault localization capability are improved, but device complexity and system cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The electric grid is divided into multiple segments with distributed measuring devices at different locations. Each device independently monitors its local section, and the central system aggregates data from all segments to achieve comprehensive fault detection and precise localization across the entire grid.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transitions from single-point measurement to multi-dimensional spatial distribution of measuring devices. By adding the spatial dimension with devices positioned at various grid locations, the system achieves three-dimensional fault localization capability, identifying faults not just by electrical characteristics but by their physical position in the grid network.
2Reliability
If real-time measurements are continuously monitored across multiple devices to enable immediate fault detection, then response time and reliability are improved, but energy consumption and data processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system pre-configures detection rules and thresholds for various fault conditions before deployment. When measurements are taken in real-time, these pre-established rules enable immediate fault identification without requiring complex real-time analysis, reducing computational energy consumption while maintaining high reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
Each measuring device autonomously performs local data filtering and preliminary analysis according to predefined rules, sending only relevant fault information to the central system. This self-service approach reduces the energy burden on the central processing system and minimizes redundant data transmission.
3Measurement precision
If comprehensive measurements including environmental parameters are collected to improve fault characterization, then fault identification accuracy is improved, but measurement complexity and data analysis requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The measuring devices are designed with multi-functionality, incorporating both electrical sensors (current, voltage) and environmental sensors (temperature, humidity, wind) into single integrated units. This universal approach allows comprehensive fault characterization without requiring separate specialized devices for each parameter type.
Solution Approach 2:
The system introduces an intermediary layer of rule-based analysis that correlates environmental parameters with electrical measurements. Rather than directly analyzing all possible parameter combinations, the intermediary rules translate multi-parameter data into meaningful fault diagnoses, simplifying the analysis process while maintaining high identification accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A system for detecting a fault in an electric grid, including a plurality of grid measuring devices distributed in the electric grid, being operative to measure current and/or voltage with their respective time of occurrence, enabling a user to define at least one fault type, and at least one rule for detecting the fault type, the rule associating the fault type with at least one of the measurements, executing the measurements, and analyzing the measurements according to the rule to detect a fault.