Distributed Multi-Cell Beamforming for Wireless Interference
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional wireless communication systems face limitations in channel capacity and throughput due to signal interference among users, which are mitigated by using time division multiple access (TDMA) or frequency division multiple access (FDMA) modes, but these methods restrict data transmission to only one user per time slot or frequency, leading to inefficient resource utilization.
Innovation Solution
A multi-cell multi-user distributed beamforming method is introduced, where transmitters share channel coefficient matrix information to calculate and update beamforming vectors and interference matrices, allowing coordinated beamforming across cells to optimize data transmission and reduce interference, thereby enhancing channel capacity and system throughput.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If TDMA or FDMA mode is used to avoid signal interference among users, then signal interference is reduced, but channel capacity and system throughput decrease due to only one user being served per time slot or frequency
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple users' data transmission into the same time slot and frequency resource by using coordinated beamforming technology. Multiple transmitters work together to form directional beams toward different users simultaneously, combining their transmission capabilities to serve multiple users in parallel without causing interference, thus resolving the contradiction between avoiding interference and maximizing channel capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces spatial dimension as an additional resource dimension beyond time (TDMA) and frequency (FDMA). By utilizing multi-antenna transmitters to create spatially selective beams, the system can differentiate users in the spatial domain, allowing simultaneous transmission to multiple users without interference. This adds a new dimension for resource allocation that resolves the limitation of single-user-per-resource constraints
2Object-affected harmful factors
If TDMA or FDMA mode is used to avoid signal interference among users, then signal interference is reduced, but system throughput is limited due to sequential data transmission
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the transmission resources of multiple transmitters through coordinated beamforming, merging their capabilities to serve multiple users simultaneously. This allows the system to achieve higher throughput by parallel transmission while maintaining interference-free communication through precise spatial beam control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent enables continuous utilization of time and frequency resources by multiple users simultaneously through spatial beamforming. Instead of sequential access in TDMA/FDMA, the system achieves continuous useful action from all transmitters and users at the same time, maximizing system throughput without sacrificing interference avoidance
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a distributed multi-cell multi-user beamforming method, a transmitter and a relevant system. In the distributed beamforming method in the embodiments of the present invention, beamforming coordinated calculation is performed by a plurality of transmitters, and an interference matrix among the transmitters is used to perform an iterative operation on a beamforming vector corresponding to the data which is to be sent to each user over each sub-channel of this cell, so that the interference dimension of each user over each sub-channel of the transmitters is compressed into a subspace as small as possible.