Distributed Predictive Control for Microgrid Voltage Restoration
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current microgrid voltage restoration methods, such as centralized control schemes, face challenges with complex communication structures, data handling, and single-point failures, which affect the reliability and efficiency of voltage regulation, especially in islanded modes where droop control leads to voltage deviations.
Innovation Solution
A distributed predictive control scheme that utilizes a finite time observer and predictive control to acquire a secondary voltage compensation command, allowing each distributed generation to adjust its voltage to a global reference value, thereby improving power quality and reducing communication complexity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If centralized control scheme is used for voltage restoration, then voltage regulation can be achieved, but communication complexity and data handling increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The centralized control system is segmented into multiple distributed agents, each responsible for local voltage restoration decisions. Each agent independently processes local measurements and communicates only with immediate neighbors, eliminating the need for a complex central communication network while maintaining effective voltage regulation through distributed coordination.
2Ease of operation
If droop control is used in islanded mode, then automatic power sharing is achieved, but voltage deviation from reference value occurs
Solution Approach 1:
A feedback mechanism is introduced where each agent measures its local voltage deviation from the reference value and uses this information to generate a compensation command. The feedback loop continuously adjusts the voltage reference based on actual measurements, eliminating the voltage deviation caused by droop control while preserving the automatic power sharing capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary voltage assessment by comparing local voltage with reference value before generating compensation commands. This preliminary action allows each agent to proactively adjust its voltage output to prevent deviation rather than reacting after deviation occurs, maintaining both automatic power sharing and voltage accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
A distributed predictive control based voltage restoration scheme for microgrids, comprising: step 10) adopting a distributed finite time observer to acquire the global reference voltage for restoring the voltage of each local controller; step 20) each local controller adopts a droop control to acquire the local voltage value of each generation, and adds a secondary voltage compensation term into the droop characteristic formula to form the voltage reference value of a distributed generation; step 30) establishing a trended prediction model; step 40) acquiring a predictive control term at a current time as the secondary voltage compensation command, and acting on the local controllers; and step 50) determining, whether the local voltage of each distributed generation of the microgrid reaches the voltage reference value under the secondary voltage compensation command.