Distributed Protocol for High-Rate Multi-Hop Vehicular Data Delivery

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Solution Overview

Problem

Vehicular networks face challenges in achieving high data rate connectivity due to high mobility and low equipped vehicle density, leading to complex multi-hop data delivery and unpredictable network conditions, which existing protocols struggle to address effectively.

Innovation Solution

A distributed protocol that utilizes locally available information to dynamically adapt forwarding decisions and maximize end-to-end data rates, operating with minimal state information and not requiring location information of recipients, and rapidly adjusts to changing network conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If store and forward method is used for data relaying, then data delivery is possible in low equipped vehicle density, but delivery rate is low and delays are high

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedata delivery capabilityVSAvoiddata delivery rate

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements dynamic routing protocols that continuously adapt forwarding decisions based on real-time network conditions, vehicle mobility patterns, and channel quality. This allows the system to transition between store-and-forward and direct transmission modes optimally, improving data delivery rates while maintaining reliability in low-density scenarios

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system employs feedback mechanisms where vehicles report network state information, packet delivery status, and mobility patterns back to routing algorithms. This feedback enables continuous optimization of forwarding strategies, allowing the network to learn from past transmissions and improve delivery rates over time while maintaining reliable operation

Inventive Principle:

Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of manufacture

If heuristic based forwarding methods are used, then implementation is simple, but performance degrades under diverse network conditions

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveprotocol implementation simplicityVSAvoiddata dissemination effectiveness

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the routing decision-making process into modular components: route discovery, path selection, and dynamic adjustment. Each module handles specific aspects of forwarding independently, maintaining implementation simplicity while collectively achieving robust performance across diverse network conditions through specialized algorithms for each segment

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically changes routing parameters such as forwarding probability, transmission power, and route selection metrics based on observed network conditions. This allows the protocol to adapt its behavior to match current environmental factors like vehicle density, mobility patterns, and channel quality without requiring complete protocol redesign

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of operation

If position based routing is used, then end-to-end communication is enabled, but location information exchange increases network overhead

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveend-to-end communication capabilityVSAvoidnetwork overhead

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of operationVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements partial position-based routing where vehicles exchange location information only when necessary for route determination, rather than continuously. The system uses approximate positioning and probabilistic forwarding for non-critical traffic, reducing the quantity of position data exchanged while maintaining end-to-end communication capability for important messages

Inventive Principle:

Principle #16Partial or excessive action

4Reliability

If broadcast and flooding protocols are used for safety applications, then coverage is enhanced, but network congestion increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvesafety message coverageVSAvoidnetwork throughput

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements asymmetric forwarding strategies where safety-critical messages receive preferential treatment through selective flooding and lower threshold for retransmission, while non-critical data traffic uses more conservative unicast or selective multicast approaches. This asymmetry ensures safety message coverage is maintained while preventing overall network congestion from excessive broadcasting

Inventive Principle:

Principle #4Asymmetry

Data Source

PatentUS8169897B2Achieving high-rate multi-hop data delivery in vehicular networks

Publication Date: 2012.05.01 TELCORDIA TECHNOLOGIES INC

AI summary

A method for high rate data delivery in a multi-hop vehicular network comprises at each source vehicle, initiating a packet having a flow tag, assigning an identifier of the content and the current location to the flow tag, and forwarding the packet; at each destination vehicle, setting a flow request and broadcasting at the current intersection; further on movement, setting the flow request at the new intersection, and at each intersection, selecting a header vehicle at the intersection, computing backlog and congestion indicators and listening for broadcasts with a matrix and the flow requests at the header vehicle, determining if the matrix is present, updating the matrix in accordance with the backlog and congestion indicators if the matrix is present, initializing the matrix and estimating the delay on the outgoing road segments if the matrix is not present, forwarding the packet flow, and broadcasting the matrix from the header vehicle.