District Heating Network Heat Pump Integration Using Flow Segmentation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Heat pumps operating with a transcritical process are not effectively integrated into heating networks due to conflicting requirements of high temperature differences and efficient operation, which are not compatible with the typical small temperature differences in heating networks.

Innovation Solution

A method that divides the heat transfer medium into two partial flows, allowing for hydraulic control and management of the heat transfer circuit, enabling the heat pump to operate efficiently by optimizing temperature differences and integrating a heat storage system to manage heat distribution and storage.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Use of energy by moving object

If heat transfer medium is supplied to the heat output side of the heat pump to achieve high temperature difference, then the coefficient of performance (COP) is improved, but the temperature difference requirement conflicts with heating network requirements for smallest possible temperature differences

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoefficient of performance (COP)VSAvoidtemperature difference
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The heat transfer medium flow is divided into two partial flows using a distributor: a first partial flow is supplied to the heat output side of the heat pump to achieve intensive heating and high temperature difference, while a second partial flow is directed through a bypass to maintain small temperature differences in the heating network. This segmentation allows simultaneous optimization of heat pump efficiency and network compatibility.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system dynamically adjusts the distribution of heat transfer medium between the two partial flows based on operating conditions. The distributor enables flexible control of flow rates to optimize the temperature difference across the heat pump while maintaining compatibility with heating network requirements, allowing the system to adapt to varying thermal demands.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

2Temperature

If heat transfer medium flow rate is limited to heat more intensively, then the temperature of heat transfer medium leaving the heat output side is controlled, but the flow rate control requires hydraulic management complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetemperature of heat transfer mediumVSAvoidhydraulic control system
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The hydraulic control system is segmented into two independent partial flow paths managed by a distributor. Each partial flow can be controlled separately to achieve the desired temperature output without requiring complex centralized control, simplifying the overall hydraulic management while maintaining precise temperature control.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The distributor acts as an intermediary device that automatically divides the heat transfer medium flow into two partial flows with different flow rates. This intermediary component simplifies the control architecture by providing passive flow distribution based on system design rather than requiring active control mechanisms for each flow path.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Temperature

If heat pump operates with transcritical process using non-condensing gases, then high temperatures are achieved suitable for old buildings, but the pressure and temperature limitations during evaporation and condensation cannot be exploited

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehigh temperatures for heat supplyVSAvoidpressure and temperature limitations
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The system changes the operating parameters of the heat pump by using non-condensing gases in a transcritical process instead of conventional condensing refrigerants. This parameter change allows the heat pump to achieve high temperatures suitable for old buildings without being constrained by traditional pressure and temperature limitations associated with phase change refrigerants.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for the efficient integration of transcritical heat pumps into heating networks, providing high temperatures suitable for old buildings and stabilizing the power network by optimizing heat and electricity management.

Implementation Method 1

heat pumps operating with a transcritical process

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat pump transcritical process:

Implementation Method 2

the heat transfer medium flowing to the heat output side of the heat pump is guided via a distributor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Conduction (thermal)

Implementation Method 3

the heat transfer medium leaving the heat consumer is stored in a heat accumulator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal energy storage: Thermal Energy Storage

Implementation Method 4

a first partial flow of the heat transfer medium is supplied to the heat output side of the heat pump and heated and a second partial flow of the heat transfer medium is guided into a bypass

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic control:

Data Source

PatentEP4428451A1Method for heat and power management in a heat network
Publication Date: 2024.09.11 WOLFGANG JASKE UND DR PETER WOLF GBR
  • EP4428451A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4428451A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4428451A1 patent drawing

AI summary

A method for heat and electricity management in a district heating network, wherein a heat transfer medium circulating in the district heating network is routed through both a heat output side and a heat input side of a heat pump, in particular a heat pump operated with a transcritical process. The heat transfer medium flowing to the heat output side of the heat pump is routed through a distributor, at which the heat transfer medium can be divided into at least two partial flows depending on the respective operating mode. A first partial flow of the heat transfer medium is supplied to the heat output side of the heat pump and heated. A second partial flow of the heat transfer medium is routed into a bypass. After passing through the heat output side, the heat transfer medium is supplied to at least one heat consumer, and the heat transfer medium leaving the heat consumer is stored in a thermal storage unit.The second partial flow of the heat transfer medium, directed into the bypass, is routed past the heat output side of the heat pump, past at least one heat consumer and past the heat storage unit.