DLC Coating Adhesion via WC-C Gradient and Microwave Plasma

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Solution Overview

Problem

DLC films often exhibit poor adhesion to parts, leading to delamination issues and increased costs due to the need for metallic adhesion underlayers and complex processing, while existing stripping technologies require high tensions and are inefficient.

Innovation Solution

A process involving a WC-C composition gradient layer and a DLC surface layer applied using microwave plasma stripping, eliminating the need for metallic underlayers and reducing processing time and costs, with argon plasma generated at low pressures for efficient stripping.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a metallic adhesion underlayer is used to improve DLC film adhesion, then adhesion is improved, but device complexity and processing costs increase

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveadhesionVSAvoidprocessing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and eliminates the metallic adhesion underlayer from the coating system. By using microwave plasma stripping to directly treat the substrate surface, the patent removes the need for separate adhesion-promoting layers while maintaining strong DLC film adhesion through improved surface preparation and direct carbon deposition.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention introduces microwave plasma as an intermediary mechanism between the substrate and DLC coating. This plasma treatment creates a chemically active surface that enhances adhesion without requiring additional metallic layers, serving as a mediator that improves bonding through surface activation rather than through physical layering.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Ease of manufacture

If conventional stripping technology is used, then stripping can be performed, but high tensions are required and stripping efficiency is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestripping capabilityVSAvoidstripping efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces mechanical/conventional plasma stripping methods with microwave plasma stripping. This substitution uses electromagnetic field energy to generate highly reactive plasma species that etch and prepare surfaces more efficiently, reducing the need for high mechanical tensions and improving overall stripping speed and effectiveness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the energy delivery parameters by using microwave frequency electromagnetic fields instead of conventional plasma generation methods. This parameter change creates a more efficient stripping process that operates at lower mechanical tensions while achieving superior surface preparation through enhanced plasma reactivity and ionization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional DLC coating methods are used, then coating can be applied, but processing time is long

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoating applicabilityVSAvoidprocessing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces conventional thermal or cathodic arc DLC deposition methods with microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). This substitution uses microwave energy to activate precursor gases, enabling faster carbon deposition rates and shorter processing times while maintaining coating quality and adhesion properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention implements continuous microwave plasma processing that maintains constant deposition conditions throughout the coating process. This continuous energy input ensures steady-state plasma conditions, allowing for uninterrupted and accelerated carbon layer formation without the start-stop cycles or conditioning phases required by conventional methods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Improves adhesion and reduces processing time by approximately 50% compared to conventional methods, achieving robust and reliable DLC coatings without metallic underlayers, with enhanced resistance to wear and chipping.

Implementation Method 1

microwave stripping of the part is carried out; an argon plasma is generated for stripping in a pressure range between 0.05 and 0.5 Pa

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMicrowave plasma: Plasma

Implementation Method 2

The ECR microwave system triode technology makes it possible to generate an argon plasma in a pressure range between 0.05 and 0.5 Pa. The parts are polarized at a negative voltage optimally between -50V and -250V

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectIon bombardment: Ion Beam

Implementation Method 3

the WC-C composition gradient layer is produced by magnetron PVD technique

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMagnetron sputtering: Sputtering

Implementation Method 4

the DLC coating is applied to the WC-C layer by microwave plasma

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPlasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition: Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition

Data Source

PatentEP2710168B1Article with a dlc coating and method for the application of the dlc coating
Publication Date: 2017.12.20 H E F
  • EP2710168B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2710168B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2710168B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a part having a layer with a WC-C composition gradient, with the exception of a metal sub-layer and with the exception of an ion implantation layer and a surface layer of DLC, wherein said part is characterised by having cohesive behaviour in a scratch test.