Multilayer DLC Roller Coating for Wind Turbine Bearing Wear

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Self-aligning roller bearings for wind power generators face premature wear and reduced service life due to axial loads, which conventional DLC coatings struggle to address effectively, especially with film peeling issues.

Innovation Solution

A self-aligning roller bearing design featuring a multilayer DLC coating with a base layer of Cr and WC, a mixed layer of WC and DLC, and a top layer with a gradient hardness structure, applied to rollers with a surface roughness optimized for adhesion and wear resistance, eliminating the need for high-viscosity lubricants and enhancing peeling resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If a single-layer DLC coating is applied on the rollers, then wear resistance is improved, but film peeling occurs reducing coating durability

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewear resistanceVSAvoidcoating durability
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The DLC coating is divided into multiple layers (first DLC layer, second DLC layer, and intermediate layer) instead of using a single-layer coating. This segmentation allows each layer to have different properties: the first DLC layer provides wear resistance, the second DLC layer maintains hardness, and the intermediate layer prevents peeling by having lower hardness and better adhesion to the roller surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The coating system uses composite material structure combining DLC (diamond-like carbon) with an intermediate layer of different material properties. The intermediate layer has lower hardness than the DLC layers, creating a gradient structure that bridges the hard DLC coating and the roller surface, preventing stress concentration and film peeling while maintaining the wear resistance of the outer DLC layers.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If high-viscosity lubricants are used to improve oil film formation, then lubrication performance is improved, but maintenance complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelubrication performanceVSAvoidmaintenance complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the reliance on high-viscosity lubricants (mechanical/chemical solution) with a DLC coating system (surface engineering solution). The DLC coating provides inherent wear resistance and lubrication properties through its low friction coefficient and hard surface, eliminating the need for high-viscosity lubricants and reducing maintenance requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Strength

If DLC coating film thickness is increased to improve wear resistance, then mechanical strength is improved, but peeling resistance decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical strengthVSAvoidpeeling resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The thick DLC coating is segmented into multiple layers with the intermediate layer acting as a buffer. This allows the total coating thickness to be sufficient for wear resistance while the intermediate layer prevents peeling by reducing stress concentration at the coating-substrate interface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The composite coating structure with the softer intermediate layer creates a gradient from hard outer DLC layers to the intermediate layer, which acts as a stress-absorbing transition zone. This composite structure maintains peeling resistance even with increased total coating thickness by distributing mechanical stresses across layers with different properties.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The multilayer DLC coating significantly improves wear resistance and mechanical strength, extends bearing service life, and facilitates lean lubrication with reduced maintenance needs, while preventing peeling and maintaining excellent adhesion to the base material.

Implementation Method 1

DLC stands for diamond-like carbon

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDiamond-like carbon: Diamond-like Carbon

Implementation Method 2

a base layer directly formed on the surfaces of the rollers and mainly containing Cr and WC, a mixed layer formed on the base layer and mainly containing WC and DLC, and a top layer formed on the mixed layer and mainly containing DLC

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdhesion: Adhesive

Data Source

PatentEP3951197B1Self-aligning roller bearing
Publication Date: 2024.03.06 NTN CORP
  • EP3951197B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3951197B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3951197B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Provided is a self-aligning roller bearing for supporting a main shaft of a wind power generator, the self-aligning roller bearing including an inner ring, an outer ring, two rows of rollers, and retainers. Each of the rollers has an outer peripheral surface formed with a DLC coating having a multilayer structure. The DLC coating has a film thickness of 2.0 µm or larger. A base material of each of the rollers has an external surface having a surface roughness of Ra ≤ 0.3 and RΔq ≤ 0.05. The DLC coating having the multilayer structure includes layers having stepwisely increasing film hardnesses such that a layer situated closer to outside has a higher hardness.