Domain Decomposition for Antenna Array Electromagnetic Simulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional computational electromagnetics methods face challenges in achieving a balance between computational efficiency and accuracy when simulating complex electromagnetic engineering problems, particularly in large-scale integrated circuits and antenna arrays, due to the difficulty in mesh subdivision and matrix solution, leading to inefficient use of resources and convergence issues.
Innovation Solution
A domain decomposition method and system that divides an antenna structure model into subdomains, subdivides them using tetrahedral networks, and calculates electric and magnetic field values using vector basis functions and double curl electric field wave equations, ensuring efficient and accurate simulation by maintaining tangential continuity and reducing the computational burden.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If global fine subdivision is applied to the whole system to capture rapidly changing field information in small structures, then measurement precision is improved, but productivity deteriorates due to sharp increase in unknown quantities and waste of computing resources
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the large-scale electromagnetic simulation problem into multiple smaller subdomain problems. By decomposing the global matrix into subdomain matrices, each subdomain can be solved independently with local fine subdivision only where needed, rather than applying fine subdivision globally. This segmentation reduces the total number of unknown quantities while maintaining accuracy in critical regions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different mesh densities to different subdomains based on local requirements. Subdomains containing small structures with rapidly changing field information use fine tetrahedral subdivision, while other subdomains use coarser subdivision. This local quality approach ensures measurement precision is improved only where necessary, avoiding the productivity loss associated with global fine subdivision.
2Manufacturing precision
If traditional FEM is used to solve large-scale matrix, then manufacturing precision is maintained, but reliability deteriorates due to matrix ill-condition and difficult convergence
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the large global matrix into multiple smaller subdomain matrices through domain decomposition. Each subdomain matrix is smaller and better conditioned than the global matrix, making them more reliable to solve. The segmentation also enables parallel computation, improving convergence behavior while maintaining solution precision through the transmission conditions that couple subdomains.
3Device complexity
If uniform tetrahedral network size is used for all subdomains, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates due to inability to capture local field variations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements non-uniform tetrahedral network sizes across different subdomains. Each subdomain's mesh density is tailored to its local characteristics, with finer meshes in regions requiring higher precision and coarser meshes elsewhere. This local quality approach maintains measurement precision for local field variations while avoiding the device complexity of generating and managing highly refined global meshes.
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to a domain decomposition method and system for electromagnetic simulation. The method includes: dividing an antenna structure model into multiple subdomains, where each of the subdomains corresponds to a structure in one to-be-simulated array antenna; subdividing each of the subdomains by a tetrahedral network to obtain multiple tetrahedrons; obtaining a vector basis function of each edge of each of the tetrahedrons according to vertex positions and lengths of the edges of the tetrahedron; and calculating an electric field value and a magnetic field value of any point in a tetrahedron to which each of the edges belongs using a vector basis function corresponding to the edge and a double curl electric field wave equation of a subdomain to which the edge belongs.