Doppler Shift Analysis for Neutron-Induced Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy

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Solution Overview

Problem

Neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy in downhole tools faces inaccuracies in distinguishing between carbon in the wellbore and the surrounding geological formation due to the carbon in the wellbore interfering with the signal, leading to inaccurate estimates of carbon-based resource volumes.

Innovation Solution

The method employs the Doppler effect to differentiate between carbon nuclei closer and farther from the detector by analyzing the energy shifts in gamma-rays emitted due to the relative velocity of carbon nuclei impacted by neutrons, allowing for the separation of wellbore carbon and formation carbon signals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy is used to measure carbon in the geological formation, then carbon measurement capability is provided, but carbon in the wellbore interferes with the signal causing measurement inaccuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecarbon measurement accuracyVSAvoidwellbore carbon interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the carbon signal into two distinct components: wellbore carbon signal and formation carbon signal. This is achieved by applying different Doppler shift corrections based on the expected velocity ranges of carbon nuclei in different locations. Wellbore carbon typically exhibits different velocity characteristics compared to formation carbon, allowing the signal to be separated and the formation carbon measurement to be isolated from wellbore interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the velocity parameter used in the Doppler shift correction to differentiate between wellbore and formation carbon. By adjusting the expected velocity value in the Doppler correction formula based on the anticipated location and motion characteristics of the carbon nuclei, the system can selectively enhance or suppress signals from different carbon sources, thereby improving measurement accuracy.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If the Doppler effect is used to differentiate carbon nuclei at different distances, then measurement precision is improved, but the complexity of the measurement system increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistance differentiation capabilityVSAvoidsignal processing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces complex mechanical or geometric separation systems with a computational approach based on the Doppler effect. Instead of using physically separate detection paths or complex positioning mechanisms, the system uses velocity-based Doppler shift analysis to differentiate carbon nuclei at different distances. This substitution of mechanical complexity with computational processing maintains measurement precision while reducing overall system complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach enhances the accuracy and precision of carbon measurements in the geological formation, leading to more reliable estimates of resource volumes by distinguishing between carbon signals based on their energy shifts caused by the Doppler effect.

Implementation Method 1

a subtle Doppler effect may be identified from the neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy signal. The Doppler effect causes the energy level of emitted waves (e.g., photons, sound, water) to be shifted due to the relative velocity of the emitting object (e.g., carbon nucleus).

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectDoppler effect: Doppler Effect

Implementation Method 2

The high-energy neutrons emitted into the environment may collide with and/or scatter off a carbon nucleus, thus causing gamma-ray emission of a certain energy.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNeutron-induced gamma-ray emission:

Data Source

PatentEP3428693B1Systems and methods to differentiate elements located at different distances using neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy and the doppler effect
Publication Date: 2021.03.03 SERVICES PETROLIERS SCHLUMBERGER SA
  • EP3428693B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3428693B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3428693B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Systems and methods are provided for distinguishing between elements located at different distances from a radiation detector used in neutron-induced gamma-ray spectroscopy using a Doppler effect. A pulsed neutron generator may emit neutrons out of a downhole tool in a geological formation at an energy level high enough to cause inelastic scattering with nuclei of an element to generate gamma-rays. A gamma-ray detector may detect the energy levels of the gamma-rays, in the reference frame of the detector, and data processing circuitry takes the detected spectrum of gamma-rays and distinguishes spectra of gamma-ray energy levels for nuclei of the element located nearer to or farther from the detector based at least in part on the Doppler shift of the energy levels of respective gamma-rays.