Doppler Hemodynamic Estimation for Non-Invasive Lesion Localization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for assessing vascular disease, such as stenosis or occlusions, are invasive or inaccurate, particularly for patients with calcified vessels, and lack non-invasive means to estimate mean blood pressure in various arterial locations.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive system using Doppler ultrasound to measure blood velocity and pressure waveforms, calculating the ratio of form factors to estimate mean blood pressure and locate lesions, eliminating the need for invasive pressure cuffs or catheters.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If invasive methods (occlusive cuffs and pressure catheters) are used to measure blood pressure, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates and device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical measurement systems (occlusive cuffs and pressure catheters) with a non-invasive Doppler ultrasound system. The Doppler probe detects blood flow velocity and pressure waveforms acoustically, eliminating the need for physical insertion into vessels while maintaining measurement capability through signal processing and form factor analysis.
2Measurement precision
If invasive pressure catheters are used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex invasive catheter-based mechanical pressure measurement systems with a non-invasive Doppler ultrasound system. The system uses acoustic wave detection and mathematical form factor analysis to derive pressure information, significantly reducing device complexity while maintaining measurement precision.
3Ease of operation
If occlusive cuffs are used for blood pressure monitoring, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates for patients with calcified vessels
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the occlusive cuff mechanical compression method with Doppler ultrasound acoustic detection. This substitution eliminates the interaction problems between stiff cuffs and calcified vessels, allowing accurate blood flow velocity and pressure waveform measurement without requiring mechanical occlusion, thereby restoring measurement precision for patients with calcified vessels.
4Measurement precision
If invasive methods are used to assess vascular disease, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of operation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces invasive mechanical assessment methods with non-invasive Doppler ultrasound. The system measures blood flow velocity and pressure waveforms acoustically, then uses form factor analysis to locate lesions and assess vascular disease, providing accurate diagnostics without the operational complexity and patient discomfort of invasive procedures.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate, non-invasive estimation of mean blood pressure and detection of vascular lesions, providing real-time data for diagnosing vascular diseases without the limitations of invasive techniques.
Implementation Method 1
A waveform capture assembly, such as a non-invasive Doppler ultrasound, is used to capture a blood velocity waveform at a first location downstream of the stenosis or occlusion.
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method for deriving information on disease in vascular segments for example mean pressure, drop in mean pressure and/or hydraulic resistance, from such measured waveforms is described. The waveforms can, for example, be measured non-invasively using Doppler ultrasound or magnetic resonance techniques. Form Factors (Vff, Pff) for the velocity waveform and the central arterial pressure are determined. Lesions may be detected and located using the estimated non-invasive hemodynamic information