Doppler Ultrasound Patch for Real-Time ROSC Detection During CPR
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiac arrest are inaccurate, operator-dependent, and require interruptions in chest compressions, leading to delays in life-saving interventions and suboptimal CPR quality.
Innovation Solution
A non-invasive, hands-free Doppler ultrasound system with a patch and processing unit that continuously monitors blood flow, using a DICAF algorithm to distinguish between compression-induced and cardiac activity-induced flow patterns, providing real-time feedback on ROSC without pausing compressions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If manual pulse checks are performed every two minutes, then ROSC detection is attempted, but chest compression fraction decreases and detection accuracy remains poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces manual mechanical pulse checks with an automated Doppler ultrasound system that uses acoustic waves to detect blood flow. The ultrasound transducer continuously monitors arterial flow patterns, and the processing unit automatically analyzes Doppler signals to detect ROSC, eliminating the need for manual operator intervention and maintaining high chest compression fraction.
Solution Approach 2:
The Doppler ultrasound system enables continuous monitoring of blood flow during uninterrupted chest compressions. Unlike periodic manual checks, the system provides constant real-time detection of ROSC by continuously analyzing Doppler signals from the arterial blood flow, ensuring no valuable time is lost and compressions are never interrupted.
2Reliability
If invasive arterial lines are used for continuous monitoring, then ROSC detection reliability improves, but device complexity and placement time increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a disposable or reusable Doppler ultrasound transducer that can be quickly applied to the patient's skin over an artery. This non-invasive approach eliminates the need for complex invasive arterial line placement while providing reliable continuous monitoring. The transducer remains on the patient throughout the resuscitation process, providing ongoing ROSC detection without requiring surgical intervention.
3Ease of operation
If Doppler ultrasound is used for blood flow monitoring, then non-invasive continuous monitoring is achieved, but operator expertise requirements and system complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs self-analysis through automated processing of Doppler signals. The processing unit automatically distinguishes between compression-induced flow patterns and true cardiac activity without requiring expert operator interpretation. The algorithm independently analyzes the spectral characteristics of the Doppler signals and provides objective ROSC detection, making the system easy to operate while maintaining high reliability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system provides real-time feedback by continuously analyzing Doppler signals and immediately indicating when ROSC is detected. The automated processing unit monitors the blood flow patterns and provides continuous feedback to the resuscitation team, enabling rapid decision-making without requiring operators to manually interpret complex ultrasound waveforms.
4Measurement precision
If frequent interruptions for pulse checks are performed, then ROSC may be detected, but chest compression quality deteriorates and survival outcomes worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The Doppler ultrasound system enables uninterrupted continuous monitoring of blood flow throughout the entire resuscitation process. The system maintains constant detection capability without requiring any interruptions in chest compressions, ensuring that both compression quality and detection accuracy are optimized throughout the critical period following ROSC.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables reliable, real-time detection of ROSC, optimizing CPR quality by reducing interruptions and enhancing the effectiveness of resuscitation efforts.
Implementation Method 1
receive at least one Doppler return signal indicative of blood flow in the selected artery
Implementation Method 2
pulsed wave or continuous wave ultrasound transducer that may be configured to emit an ultrasound beam
Data Source
AI summary
A system and method provide real-time detection of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) during cardiac arrest using at least one Doppler ultrasound patch with a pulsed-wave or continuous wave ultrasound transducer that emits an ultrasound beam into a subject's skin over a carotid, femoral, or brachial artery and receives at least one Doppler return signal indicative of blood flow. A fixation mechanism secures the transducer in a fixed position relative to the carotid, femoral, brachial artery, and a wired or wireless communication interface transmits the Doppler return signal to a processing unit. The processing unit receives and analyzes the Doppler return signal using a Doppler-Integrated Cardiac Arrest Flow Analysis (DICAF) algorithm, which uses a machine learning model trained on annotated Doppler waveform datasets to detect a first blood flow pattern generated by chest compressions and a second blood flow pattern generated by intrinsic cardiac activity. The system determines ROSC in real time and generates an alert for the user. The system can also monitor the quality of blood flow generated by chest compressions to guide cardiopulmonary resuscitation.