Double-Layer Battery Venting Structure With Shared Relief Chamber
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Solution Overview
Problem
The presence of independent pressure relief chambers in double-layer battery modules limits space utilization and reduces the energy density of the battery pack.
Innovation Solution
A shared pressure relief chamber is designed between the upper and lower cell modules, with staggered pressure relief openings to avoid gas interference and rapid discharge, and partitioned channels to disperse gas effectively, ensuring safety and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If independent pressure relief chambers are provided in each battery module, then safety of pressure relief is ensured, but space utilization is limited and energy density is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the pressure relief chambers of the upper and lower cell modules into a single shared pressure relief chamber. The pressure relief layer is clamped between the upper and lower cell modules, with a unified pressure relief chamber that receives gas from both modules through staggered pressure relief openings. This consolidation reduces the total volume occupied by pressure relief structures while maintaining safety functionality.
2Volume of stationary object
If a shared pressure relief chamber is designed between upper and lower cell modules, then space utilization is optimized and energy density is enhanced, but gas interference between modules may occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the pressure relief openings into two distinct groups: upper cell pressure relief openings in the upper cell module and lower cell pressure relief openings in the lower cell module. These openings are positioned at different locations (staggered arrangement) on the pressure relief layer, allowing gas from each module to enter the shared chamber through separate pathways, thereby reducing gas interference and preventing thermal runaway propagation.
3Device complexity
If pressure relief openings are positioned at the same location, then structural simplicity is achieved, but gas discharge efficiency is reduced due to mutual interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an asymmetric staggered arrangement of pressure relief openings, where upper cell pressure relief openings and lower cell pressure relief openings are positioned at different horizontal locations on the pressure relief layer. This asymmetric positioning ensures that gas discharged from one module does not directly interfere with the discharge path of the other module, improving gas discharge efficiency while maintaining relatively simple structural implementation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The shared pressure relief structure optimizes space utilization, enhances energy density, and reduces the risk of thermal runaway by efficient gas discharge and partitioned channels, improving overall battery safety.
Implementation Method 1
When thermal runaway occurs in a cell in the system, gas enters the shared pressure relief chamber to achieve hydraulic pressure
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a pressure relief structure for a double-layer battery and a battery pack, including an upper cell module having a plurality of upper cell pressure relief openings, a lower cell module having a plurality of lower cell pressure relief openings, a pressure relief layer clamped between the upper cell module and the lower cell module, in which a pressure relief chamber, in communication with the plurality of upper cell pressure relief openings and the plurality of lower cell pressure relief openings, is formed within the pressure relief layer, and the plurality of upper cell pressure relief openings and the plurality of lower cell pressure relief openings are staggered in position.