Double Regulated Hydro Turbine for Variable Flow Efficiency
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing hydroelectric turbine systems are not designed for small hydro applications, and they do not independently control wicket gates and runner blades to optimize power generation, nor do they pre-condition the flow for maximum power output.
Innovation Solution
A hydroelectric turbine with a double regulated propeller and a computer-based control system that independently modulates wicket gate and runner blade positions using servo motors, allowing for pre-conditioning of the flow and achieving optimal power generation by optimizing the runner blade angle independently of the wicket gate angle, with a modular design capable of operating efficiently across a wide range of flows.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If existing hydroelectric turbine systems are used, then they can generate power, but they cannot achieve optimal power generation because they do not independently control wicket gates and runner blades
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into independent control modules: one for wicket gates and another for runner blades. This allows each component to be controlled independently to optimize power generation, rather than as a coupled system. The segmentation enables precise control of water flow direction and blade angle separately.
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts both wicket gate position and runner blade pitch in real-time based on operating conditions. The computer-based control system continuously monitors and modifies these parameters to maintain optimal efficiency across varying flow rates and head conditions.
2Productivity
If existing hydroelectric turbine systems are used, then they can operate, but they cannot pre-condition the flow for maximum power output
Solution Approach 1:
The wicket gates perform preliminary action by conditioning the water flow before it reaches the runner blades. The gates adjust flow direction and velocity to prepare the water for optimal interaction with the blades, maximizing energy transfer and power output.
Solution Approach 2:
The wicket gates act as an intermediary between the water source and the runner blades. They mediate the water flow by adjusting its characteristics (direction, velocity, distribution) to create optimal conditions for power generation at the blades.
3Productivity
If small hydro applications use scaled-down larger turbines, then they can generate power, but they do not achieve optimal efficiency for small hydro sites
Solution Approach 1:
The system optimizes performance by changing key operational parameters: wicket gate opening angle, runner blade pitch angle, and rotational speed. These parameter adjustments are specifically tailored for small hydro applications with low head and variable flow conditions, rather than simply scaling down parameters from large turbines.
Solution Approach 2:
The turbine design incorporates universal features that make it adaptable to various small hydro sites. The double regulation system can handle different flow rates and head conditions, making it versatile for different application scenarios rather than being optimized for a single operating point.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system achieves efficiency levels greater than 90% and can handle low flows, providing flexible power output between 100kw and 700kw, enabling cost-effective development of small hydro power sites and opening opportunities for renewable energy generation in underutilized and remote areas.
Implementation Method 1
A hydroelectric turbine with a double regulated propeller... The hydroelectric turbine may comprise a double regulated propeller and utilizes the Kaplan turbine and gate system to produce electrical power efficiently
Implementation Method 2
The hydroelectric turbine may comprise a double regulated propeller and utilizes the Kaplan turbine and gate system to produce electrical power efficiently
Data Source
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AI summary
A hydroelectric turbine generator and control system is provided that optimizes the maximum possible power output at all times by strictly monitoring power output from the generator unit and modulating the wicket gate angle and the runner blade pitch independently of one another. The hydroelectric turbine generator includes a means for separately controlling wicket gate angle and runner blade pitch. The wicket gate angle control mechanism controls the flow into the system, pre conditions flow for maximum power and maintains reservoir level. The runner blade pitch control mechanism continuously monitors the system power output based on actual power produced, and adjusts system parameters in order to achieve maximum power output.