Downflow Gasifier Nozzle Layout for Slag Blockage Prevention
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing coal gasification systems face issues with slag accumulation and temperature excursions due to uneven fluid cinder fall and high-temperature erosion, leading to equipment breakdown and safety concerns, especially in large-scale production.
Innovation Solution
A carbonaceous substance gasification system that utilizes a gas return device to cool and purify synthesis gas, incorporating a bottom cooling purify part with an aerostatic press machine to raise pressure and use cooled gas as a cooling material, and a cooling down reaction part to improve carbon conversion and hydrogen-carbon ratio, while arranging nozzles for efficient gas flow and reaction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If multiple nozzles gasifiers utilize synthesis gas up-flowing process to expand scale, then productivity increases, but fluid cinder concretes and blocks the cinder exit due to temperature drop
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the conventional up-flowing process by implementing a down-flowing synthesis gas process. The synthesis gas flows downward through the gasifier chamber, carrying fluid cinder to the bottom where it is discharged. This reversal prevents temperature drop and concretation in the upper chamber, eliminating cinder exit blockage while maintaining expanded productivity through multiple nozzles.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the flow direction parameter of synthesis gas from upward to downward. This parameter change fundamentally alters the temperature distribution and fluid cinder behavior within the chamber, preventing concretation and ensuring reliable cinder discharge while supporting large-scale operation.
2Productivity
If nozzles are arranged on the upper chamber to fully utilize space, then productivity increases, but high temperature gas erodes the top of the chamber causing safety issues
Solution Approach 1:
The patent inverts the flow direction to downward, which reverses the erosion pattern. Instead of high-temperature gas and fluid cinder eroding the upper chamber, the downward flow directs these erosive elements toward the bottom chamber where they are discharged. This protects the upper chamber structure while maintaining full space utilization for multiple nozzles.
3Use of energy by moving object
If cooling material is sprayed to lower temperature, then heat efficiency improves, but energy and water consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a self-service cooling system where the down-flowing synthesis gas itself serves as the cooling medium. The hot synthesis gas cools itself and the surrounding structures through its downward flow and contact with chamber walls, eliminating the need for external cooling materials. This achieves effective temperature control while avoiding additional energy and water consumption.
Solution Approach 2:
The synthesis gas acts as an intermediary cooling medium between the reaction zone and the environment. Instead of introducing external cooling materials, the system uses the synthesis gas itself to transfer heat away from the reaction zone, achieving cooling efficiency without the penalties of external cooling systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enhances heat efficiency, reduces energy and water consumption, prevents slag blockages, minimizes ash and humidity, and improves carbon conversion, thereby increasing the hydrogen-carbon ratio and maintaining equipment safety.
Implementation Method 1
the low temperature humid synthesis gas which has been cooled is raised its pressure and fed into the primary cooling device
Implementation Method 2
the low temperature humid synthesis gas which has been cooled is raised its pressure and fed into the primary cooling device, then it can be used as the cooling material to lower the temperature of the up going crude synthesis gas
Implementation Method 3
Purifying is realized mainly by utilizing gravity, inertial force to separate the gas and particles
Implementation Method 4
Purifying is realized mainly by utilizing gravity, inertial force to separate the gas and particles
Implementation Method 5
the carbonaceous substance and the gasifying agent react in the gasification reaction part, generate the crude synthesis gas
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
A carbonaceous substance powder gasification system and gasification method. The system comprises a carbonaceous substance reaction apparatus and a gas return apparatus used for raising the pressure of some of a raw syngas cooled and preliminarily purified downstream of the reaction apparatus, then blending with high-temperature raw syngas upstream of the reaction apparatus and reducing the temperature. The method comprises reacting in a gasification reaction apparatus the carbonaceous substance and a gasification agent to generate raw syngas and ash and slag, some of the high-temperature raw syngas moving downstream with fly ash and liquid slag, and some of the high-temperature syngas moving upstream with fly ash; the downstream part of the high-temperature raw syngas being cooled, preliminarily purified and deslagged, then pressurized, and the wet raw syngas being injected into the system and blended with the upstream high-temperature raw syngas; the remainder of the high-temperature syngas moving upstream with fly ash and blending and cooling with the low-temperature wet syngas injected by the preliminary cooler, and optionally being entered into the cooling reaction stage; the cooled or cooling-reacted raw syngas continuing upstream, passing through the upper cooling stage and cooling again and ash being removed to obtain the raw syngas substance.