Downhole Signal Compression Dictionary for Limited Telemetry Bandwidth
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current subsurface measurement techniques face challenges in accurately transmitting high volumes of data from subsurface sensors to the surface due to limited data bandwidth, leading to inefficient communication and potential inaccuracies in formation and fluid property characterization.
Innovation Solution
A system that generates and modifies an atom dictionary to optimize data transmission by selecting relevant atoms, removing least used atoms, and adding independently-determined atoms, allowing for more accurate reconstruction of measurement series with reduced bit usage, using techniques such as genetic algorithms and neural networks.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If mud pulse telemetry is used to transmit data from subsurface sensors, then data transmission is achieved, but the data bandwidth is limited far below the data acquisition rate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts only the most essential information from the full measurement dataset by identifying and removing redundant data elements. This allows the transmitted data to contain only critical information needed for formation evaluation, achieving complete transmission of necessary data within the limited bandwidth constraints of mud pulse telemetry.
Solution Approach 2:
The system transforms the data representation by changing parameters from raw measurement values to compressed statistical descriptors or simplified formation property estimates. This parameter transformation reduces the data volume significantly while preserving the essential information needed for subsurface characterization, enabling higher effective transmission rates within the bandwidth limits.
2Reliability
If all subsurface measurement data are transmitted to the surface, then complete data availability is achieved, but transmission time and bandwidth consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and transmits only the critical measurement parameters and derived formation properties needed for reliable subsurface characterization. By removing redundant and less important data elements, the system maintains data accuracy for decision-making while significantly reducing the total transmission time required to communicate essential information to the surface.
3Productivity
If data bandwidth is limited for transmission, then transmission resources are conserved, but data reconstruction accuracy deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the data parameters from detailed raw measurements to compressed representations that capture the essential variability and trends. This parameter transformation enables efficient use of limited bandwidth while preserving reconstruction accuracy by maintaining the key characteristics needed to recover or estimate the full measurement series at the surface.
Data Source
AI summary
An apparatus includes a processor and a machine-readable medium having program code to cause the apparatus to obtain a first dictionary based on a first training set of signals and determine a first subset of the first training set of signals based on a training reconstruction accuracy threshold and the first dictionary, wherein each atom in the first dictionary includes at least one of a signal pattern and a function representing the signal pattern. The program code also includes code to generate a second dictionary based on a second training set of signals, wherein the second training set of signals includes the first subset of the first training set of signals.