Downhole Communication Line Propagation Delay Determination

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Solution Overview

Problem

In resistivity measurement systems used in drilling, synchronization between transmitters and receivers is affected by signal propagation delay when they are built in separate downhole modules, leading to loss of synchronization due to increased distances beyond technology limits.

Innovation Solution

A system and method to determine the propagation delay in communication lines connecting downhole modules, allowing for correction of this delay to maintain synchronization between transmitters and receivers.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If transmitters and receivers are built in separate downhole modules, then the distance between them can be increased beyond technology limits, but signal propagation delay causes loss of synchronization

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedistance between transmitters and receiversVSAvoidsynchronization between transmitters and receivers
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

A timing command message is introduced as an intermediary carrier to transmit timing information from the transmitter to the receiver. This message includes a timing command tag and timestamp, allowing the receiver to calculate propagation delay and adjust its timing accordingly, thus maintaining synchronization over extended distances

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The system implements a feedback mechanism where the receiver calculates the propagation delay based on the timestamp in the timing command message and sends this information back to the transmitter. The transmitter then uses this feedback to adjust its timing, creating a closed-loop synchronization system that maintains reliability despite increased distance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Adaptability or versatility

If transmitters and receivers are built in separate downhole modules, then modular flexibility is improved, but synchronization accuracy deteriorates due to propagation delay

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemodular flexibility of downhole modulesVSAvoidsynchronization accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary timing adjustment by sending a timing command message before actual resistivity measurement begins. The receiver calculates the propagation delay in advance and uses this information to pre-adjust its timing, ensuring synchronization accuracy is maintained from the start of measurements

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The synchronization system is made dynamic by continuously adjusting timing based on calculated propagation delay. The receiver dynamically calculates delay from the timestamp in timing commands, and both transmitter and receiver dynamically adjust their operation timings to maintain synchronization despite varying distances between modules

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate synchronization between transmitters and receivers, ensuring reliable resistivity measurements even when transmitters and receivers are separated by distances exceeding single module limits, thereby improving drilling operations.

Implementation Method 1

Voltages are induced in the receiver coils as a result of electromagnetic induction phenomena related to the alternating electromagnetic fields in the formation

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic signal transmission: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

The delay determination circuit is configured to measure a time difference between (i) transmitting the timing command message and (ii) receiving the timing command message, thereby determining a delay value of the communication line

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTime of flight measurement: Time of Flight

Data Source

PatentEP3464817B1System and method to determine communication line propagation delay
Publication Date: 2024.12.18 BAKER HUGHES CO
  • EP3464817B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3464817B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3464817B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An apparatus for measuring resistivity in a borehole includes first and second modules configured to be conveyed through the borehole and a transmitter connected to the first module, the transmitter transmitting a transmitter signal that causes a field signal to be created in a formation surrounding the borehole. The apparatus also includes a receiver connected to the second module configured to sense the field signal, a reflection generator and a delay determination circuit that includes a pulse generator and a timer. The apparatus also includes a communication link coupling the delay determination circuit and the reflection generator. The delay determination circuit causes a first pulse to be transmitted to the reflection generator and determines an indication that is related to the time until a reflection is received back from the reflection generator.