Downhole Communication via Passive Electromagnetic Coupling

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional downhole communication systems, particularly in oil and gas wells, face challenges in accurately controlling and confirming the actuation of downhole tools due to the harsh environment and limitations of existing RFID technologies, which are prone to failure at high temperatures and lack reliability in accurately determining the degree of actuation or presence of downhole tools.

Innovation Solution

A system utilizing a primary and secondary electromagnetic element for coupling, where the secondary element is electronically passive and configured to provide a characteristic electromagnetic field, allowing for detection of proximity and degree of coupling without active electronics, enabling reliable operation at high temperatures and improved confirmation of tool actuation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If RFID tags with active electronics are used for downhole communication, then information can be stored and communicated, but the system becomes unreliable at high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliability of downhole communicationVSAvoidoperating temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the active electronics from the RFID tag, retaining only the passive magnetic element. This removes the temperature-sensitive components while preserving the magnetic coupling functionality, allowing operation in high-temperature downhole environments without batteries or circuitry.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a simplified copy of the RFID concept using only magnetic elements rather than full electronic tags. The passive magnetic element replicates the identification and communication function without requiring the complex electronics that fail at high temperatures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

2Ease of operation

If conventional shifting tools are used to actuate downhole tools, then mechanical actuation can be achieved, but accurate control and confirmation of actuation is difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontrol of shifting toolVSAvoidconfirmation of actuation
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements feedback by having the magnetic element respond to the shifting tool's position and state. As the shifting tool moves through different positions, the magnetic coupling changes, providing real-time confirmation of actuation status and enabling accurate control from the surface.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces the mechanical indication system with electromagnetic detection. Instead of relying on mechanical feedback that is difficult to detect from the surface, the system uses magnetic coupling changes that can be accurately measured, providing precise control and confirmation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Ease of manufacture

If work string is used to mechanically actuate downhole tools, then tools can be shifted, but the work string may catch or cause damage

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesimplicity of actuation systemVSAvoiddamage to work string or downhole tools
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a magnetic field as an intermediary between the shifting tool and the downhole tool. This allows actuation through magnetic coupling rather than direct mechanical contact, eliminating the risk of the work string catching on components or causing impact damage while maintaining the ability to shift tools.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

4Loss of information

If RFID tags with memory are used, then information can be stored, but active electronics are required which fail at high temperatures

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinformation storage capabilityVSAvoidelectronic component reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of informationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the magnetic element from the complete RFID tag assembly, removing the battery, circuit board, and other temperature-sensitive electronics. Only the passive magnetic component remains, which can store information through magnetic orientation without requiring active electronics.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system provides reliable and accurate detection of downhole tool actuation and presence, enhancing operational control and reducing the risk of tool damage, while maintaining robustness in high-temperature environments.

Implementation Method 1

a primary electromagnetic element provided on the deployable tool; and a secondary electromagnetic element provided on the downhole arrangement, wherein the primary and secondary elements are configurable for coupling of an electromagnetic field therebetween

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic coupling: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3702582B1Downhole communication
Publication Date: 2021.12.22 WEATHERFORD TECHNOLOGY HOLDINGS LLC
  • EP3702582B1 patent drawingFigure 1(a)~1(b)
  • EP3702582B1 patent drawingFigure 2(a)~3
  • EP3702582B1 patent drawingFigure 4(a)~4(b)

AI summary

A system for use in downhole detection is disclosed. The system comprises a downhole arrangement defining a throughbore; a tool deployable through the throughbore of the downhole arrangement; a primary electromagnetic element provided on the deployable tool; and a secondary electromagnetic element provided on the downhole arrangement. The primary and secondary electromagnetic elements are configurable for electromagnetic coupling therebetween. The downhole arrangement is configurable between a first configuration in which the secondary electromagnetic element is covered so as to prevent electromagnetic coupling between the primary and secondary electromagnetic elements and a second configuration in which the secondary electromagnetic element is accessible for electromagnetic coupling with the primary electromagnetic element.