Downhole Pressure-Differential Generator With Reciprocating Magnetic Shuttle

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Solution Overview

Problem

Generating electrical power downhole is challenging due to limitations in battery technology, equipment size, deviated well geometries, and hazardous environments, requiring a reliable and compact power supply solution.

Innovation Solution

A power generation assembly is deployed in a borehole with a magnetic shuttle in a fluid chamber, utilizing pressure differentials between the annulus and tubular to induce a reciprocating motion, generating electric current in conductive coils for downhole components.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If battery technology is used to supply power downhole, then power can be provided to downhole components, but the equipment size and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply reliabilityVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces battery-based electrical power systems with a mechanical power generation system that utilizes pressure differentials from existing wellbore fluids. The pressure-driven pump converts hydraulic energy from the annulus and tubular into mechanical motion, which then drives a generator to produce electrical power, eliminating the need for complex battery systems while maintaining reliable power supply.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Solution Approach 2:

The system utilizes the existing pressure differential between the annulus and tubular - a naturally occurring resource in wellbore operations - to generate power. The pump and generator system is driven by the self-flowing pressure gradient without requiring external power input, making the system self-sufficient and reducing overall equipment complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Reliability

If larger power supply equipment is deployed downhole, then more reliable power can be supplied, but the device size increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower supply reliabilityVSAvoidequipment volume
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSVolume of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a pressure-driven hydraulic system where the pump is actuated by pressure differentials between the annulus and tubular. This hydraulic actuation mechanism provides a compact way to convert fluid pressure into mechanical motion for power generation, achieving reliable power supply without requiring large equipment volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #29Pneumatics and hydraulics

Solution Approach 2:

The pump and generator assembly serves multiple functions: it converts hydraulic energy from existing wellbore pressure gradients into mechanical work, generates electrical power, and can be integrated into existing tubular structures. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated power supply equipment, thereby minimizing overall device volume.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Power

If pressure differential is utilized to drive the pump, then power generation is achieved, but the system requires specific fluid communication configuration

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepower generationVSAvoidfluid communication configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
PowerVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The pump is positioned within the tubular structure and the fluid chamber is nested within the pump housing. The system utilizes the existing nested geometry of the wellbore (annulus surrounding the tubular) to create the pressure differential configuration, eliminating the need for complex external fluid communication pathways while enabling power generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution provides a simple, compact, and effective means to supply power in downhole environments, supplementing existing power sources and increasing reliability with minimal size and complexity changes to existing systems.

Implementation Method 1

Pressure differentials between the annulus and the tubular are utilized to move the magnetic shuttle in a reciprocating motion. The reciprocating motion of the magnetic shuttle causes electric current in the coils

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3902977B1Power generation using pressure differential between a tubular and a borehole annulus
Publication Date: 2024.09.04 BAKER HUGHES CO
  • EP3902977B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3902977B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3902977B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

An apparatus for generating power includes a fluid chamber configured to receive borehole fluid, one or more conductive coils surrounding the fluid chamber, a reciprocating magnetic shuttle disposed in the fluid chamber and dividing the fluid chamber into a first volume and a second volume, a first conduit connected to the first volume, and a second conduit connected to the second volume, the first conduit and the second conduit extending from a tubular conduit to an annulus. The apparatus includes a switching assembly configured to alternate between a first operating state where the first volume is in fluid communication with the annulus and a second operating state where the first volume is in fluid communication with the tubular conduit, to alternate a direction of differential pressure between the first volume and the second volume and cause the magnetic shuttle to move in a reciprocating motion and generate an electric current.