Downlink Transmitter Switching for Energy-Efficient Massive MIMO
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Solution Overview
Problem
Massive MIMO devices in 5G networks face high energy consumption and reduced performance due to disabling Tx channels for energy saving, leading to antenna array scale reduction and EIRP loss, while hybrid beamforming systems perform poorly under high load or large user spacing.
Innovation Solution
A downlink transmitting system with switching switches that adjust the number of enabled digital intermediate frequency modules, Tx channels, or PAs based on load and user spacing, maintaining antenna array scale and performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a large quantity of Tx channels are enabled in Massive MIMO devices, then system throughput is improved, but energy consumption increases sharply
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic switching between different connection states of switching switches, allowing the system to adaptively adjust the number of enabled digital intermediate frequency modules based on load conditions. This dynamic reconfiguration enables the system to optimize the balance between throughput and energy consumption by enabling full functionality when needed and reducing active components during low-load periods.
2Loss of energy
If a part of Tx channels are disabled to save energy, then energy efficiency is improved, but antenna array scale is reduced and EIRP decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the digital intermediate frequency modules into groups that can be independently controlled through switching switches. This segmentation allows selective disabling of specific module groups while keeping others active, enabling energy savings without proportionally reducing the antenna array scale or EIRP, as the remaining modules continue to drive the full antenna array.
Solution Approach 2:
The switching switches serve multiple functions: they enable dynamic energy management by controlling module activation, maintain antenna array integrity by preserving connections to all antenna elements, and support both energy-saving and high-performance modes within the same hardware architecture.
3Use of energy by moving object
If a quantity of Tx channels is reduced in hybrid beamforming architecture, then energy consumption is reduced, but performance deteriorates under high load or large user spacing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic adaptability through switching switches that can reconfigure the system's operational state based on real-time load conditions and user distribution. This dynamic capability allows the system to maintain high performance under high load or large user spacing while achieving energy savings during low-load periods, resolving the adaptability issue present in static hybrid beamforming architectures.
Data Source
AI summary
This application provides a downlink transmitting system and a switching method. An example downlink transmitting system includes at least one digital intermediate frequency module group, at least one Tx port group, a plurality of power amplifiers (PAs), at least one switching switch, and an antenna array. The plurality of PAs are connected to the antenna array. The plurality of PAs are connected to all Tx ports included in the downlink transmitting system in a one-to-one correspondence. The at least one digital intermediate frequency module group is in a one-to-one correspondence with the at least one Tx port group. Each of the at least one Tx port group is connected to each digital intermediate frequency module in a corresponding digital intermediate frequency module group through one of the at least one switching switch. The each of the at least one Tx port group includes a plurality of Tx ports.