DPG Inclusion Complex for Uniform Latex Vulcanization
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Solution Overview
Problem
1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG) has low solubility in water, leading to deposition and uneven dispersion in latex, causing partial gelation and affecting vulcanization efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A water-soluble DPG-based supramolecular inclusion complex is formed through intermolecular interaction with supramolecular compounds like hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) and β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP), enhancing DPG solubility without altering its performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If DPG is used as a rubber vulcanization accelerator, then vulcanization efficiency is improved, but solubility in water is extremely low causing deposition and uneven dispersion
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses cyclodextrin as an intermediary substance to form an inclusion complex with DPG. The cyclodextrin molecule acts as a mediator, with its hydrophilic outer surface enabling water solubility while its hydrophobic cavity encapsulates the DPG molecule, thus resolving the contradiction between maintaining DPG's vulcanization activity and improving its water solubility and dispersion uniformity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite material system consisting of the inclusion complex formed by cyclodextrin and DPG. This composite structure combines the properties of both components: cyclodextrin provides water solubility and steric stabilization, while DPG provides vulcanization acceleration, achieving both improved dispersion and maintained productivity.
2Speed
If DPG concentration is increased to improve vulcanization speed, then curing activation effect is enhanced, but local gelation occurs due to high local concentration
Solution Approach 1:
Cyclodextrin serves as a spacer and mediator that distributes DPG molecules uniformly throughout the latex matrix. The inclusion complex structure prevents DPG molecules from aggregating, ensuring that even at higher concentrations, the DPG remains evenly dispersed and activates vulcanization uniformly without causing localized gelation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the physical state and solubility parameters of DPG by forming an inclusion complex. This transformation allows DPG to be introduced at higher concentrations while maintaining uniform distribution, as the cyclodextrin host structure prevents precipitation and aggregation, thus enhancing curing speed without compromising composition stability.
3Ease of operation
If DPG is prepared as a 50% solid content dispersion, then handling is improved, but deposition still occurs due to low solubility
Solution Approach 1:
Cyclodextrin acts as a solubilizing intermediary that enables DPG to form stable aqueous dispersions. The inclusion complex structure provides steric stabilization and prevents particle aggregation, allowing the preparation of stable liquid dispersions that are easier to handle and apply while eliminating the deposition problems associated with high-solid-content formulations.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the solubility and stability parameters of DPG through inclusion complexation. This transforms DPG from a substance with extremely low water solubility into a water-soluble inclusion complex, enabling the preparation of stable, low-viscosity dispersions that improve handling convenience while maintaining long-term storage stability without deposition.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The complex improves DPG solubility, ensuring uniform dispersion and faster vulcanization, resulting in latex foam products with enhanced tensile strength and elongation, while being environmentally friendly and cost-effective.
Implementation Method 1
the supramolecular inclusion complex is formed by a supramolecular compound and DPG through intermolecular interaction
Implementation Method 2
the supramolecular inclusion complex is formed by a supramolecular compound and DPG through intermolecular interaction
Implementation Method 3
adding 1 part to 3 parts of the DPG, mixing thoroughly by ball milling
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides a water-soluble 1,3-diphenylguanidine (DPG)-based supramolecular inclusion complex and a preparation method and use thereof. A supramolecular compound and a vulcanization accelerator DPG are subjected to supramolecular interaction to form a DPG-based supramolecular inclusion complex. While improving water solubility and dispersibility of the DPG, a molecular structure of the DPG can be completely retained, and the supramolecular host used does not affect a performance of latex. The supramolecular compound and the DPG are ball milled in a certain proportion to prepare the DPG-based supramolecular inclusion complex, the water-soluble DPG-based supramolecular inclusion complex is added in a natural latex curing process; and after mixing evenly, a mixture is foamed on-machine, vulcanized in a steamer, and dried to obtain a latex foam product. The latex product has significantly improved tensile strength and elongation at break, and reduced hardness, which is more healthy and hygienic, showing broad market prospects.