cfDNA Extraction from Surgical Drain Fluid
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current cancer diagnostics face challenges in sensitivity, particularly in detecting cell-free tumor DNA (ctDNA) in blood, which limits early detection and monitoring of disease progression and therapeutic response.
Innovation Solution
The method involves extracting and size-selecting cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from drain fluid, which is obtained from medical procedures, using smaller input volumes and achieving higher yields than conventional plasma-based methods, thereby enabling more informative diagnostic assays.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional plasma-based cfDNA extraction methods are used on drain fluid, then the process is simple and accessible, but the sensitivity and yield of cfDNA detection are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the extraction parameters by using smaller input volumes and optimized binding conditions to achieve higher cfDNA yield. The method modifies the extraction kinetics and thermodynamic parameters to improve sensitivity while maintaining feasibility
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary carrier protein or coated surface that facilitates cfDNA capture from drain fluid. This mediator enables efficient binding and recovery of cfDNA that would otherwise be difficult to extract using conventional methods
2Quantity of substance
If larger input volumes are used for cfDNA extraction, then the yield may improve, but the time required and resource consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements continuous binding and elution cycles that maintain efficient cfDNA recovery throughout the process. The method ensures continuous useful action by optimizing the timing and conditions of each extraction step to maximize yield without extending total processing time
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes extraction parameters including binding time, elution conditions, and temperature to achieve high cfDNA yield from smaller input volumes. By changing these parameters, the method reduces the volume required while maintaining or improving yield
3Ease of operation
If drain fluid is used as a diagnostic sample, then accessibility and representativeness of biomarkers improve, but conventional extraction methods fail to achieve sufficient sensitivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an intermediary carrier protein or coated surface that specifically binds to drain fluid components and facilitates cfDNA capture. This mediator enables sensitive detection of biomarkers in drain fluid by enhancing the binding efficiency and reducing background noise
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes extraction parameters specifically for drain fluid, including pH, ionic strength, and temperature conditions, to achieve high sensitivity biomarker detection. The method changes these parameters to match the unique composition of drain fluid, improving detection capability
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the yield and sensitivity of cfDNA extraction, allowing for more accurate diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of cancer, as well as evaluating therapeutic efficacy and predicting recurrence and metastasis.
Implementation Method 1
performing size selection to extract cfDNA from the sample
Implementation Method 2
beads, such as magnetic or paramagnetic beads, are used to remove the gDNA
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides methods for using drain fluid obtained from medical procedures to assess diagnostic biomarkers indicative of disease obtained from drain fluid. In some embodiments, the diagnostics biomarkers are cell-free nucleic acids. In some embodiments, the disease is cancer. In some embodiments, a library of cfDNA is prepared and/or sequenced. In some embodiments, the methods comprise extracting nucleic acid from surgical drain fluid; conducting a size selection procedure to isolate cell-free nucleic acid from the surgical drain fluid; and detecting the cell-free nucleic acid.