Surgical Drill Breakthrough Depth Detection From Displacement Signals
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional surgical procedures require separate depth gauges for measuring bore depth in bones, which is cumbersome and lacks real-time feedback.
Innovation Solution
A surgical system with a sensor and controller that determines breakthrough depth by analyzing displacement and acceleration data of the cutting tool, using a measurement module and identification features to enhance precision and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a separate depth gauge is used to measure bore depth, then measurement capability is provided, but device complexity and operational cumbersome increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the depth measurement function with the existing drill assembly by integrating a sensor system into the drill. The sensor detects breakthrough events and measures bore depth automatically during the drilling process, eliminating the need for a separate depth gauge and manual measurement operations.
Solution Approach 2:
The drill system performs self-measurement of bore depth through integrated sensors that automatically detect breakthrough events and record depth data without requiring external measurement tools or manual intervention. The system uses its own operational parameters (rotational torque, displacement) to determine breakthrough depth.
2Measurement precision
If manual depth measurement with separate gauge is performed, then depth information is obtained, but productivity and real-time feedback are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements real-time feedback by using sensors to continuously monitor drilling parameters and immediately detect breakthrough events. The system provides real-time depth information and breakthrough detection during the drilling process, allowing immediate adjustment of drilling parameters without requiring post-drilling manual measurement.
Solution Approach 2:
The measurement function operates continuously during the drilling process rather than requiring separate manual measurement steps. The sensor system continuously collects data on displacement, rotational torque, and breakthrough events, providing uninterrupted real-time depth information throughout the entire drilling operation.
3Ease of operation
If tactile feedback is used to set depth gauge, then measurement is possible, but measurement precision and reliability are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical tactile feedback method with an electronic sensor-based detection system. Instead of relying on the surgeon's tactile sense to judge bore depth, the system uses sensors to detect breakthrough events and measure depth automatically, providing objective and precise measurements.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces sensors as intermediaries between the drilling process and the measurement function. The sensors detect breakthrough events and depth information, serving as a mediator that translates mechanical drilling actions into precise, objective measurement data, eliminating the need for direct tactile interaction.
Data Source
AI summary
A surgical system for cutting into bone with a cutting tool. The system includes a sensor to output signals associated with a displacement of the cutting tool, a memory unit, a controller, and programs stored in the memory unit and executed by the controller. The programs include instructions for determining a proximal cortex acceleration event value after the cutting tool advances to a depth corresponding to a depth threshold value, determining a proximal cortex acceleration event depth value based on when the proximal cortex acceleration event value occurs, determining a plunging speed value of the cutting tool after the cutting tool advances to the depth corresponding to the proximal cortex acceleration event depth value, determining a bone hardness factor based on the proximal cortex acceleration event value and the plunging speed value, and determining a breakthrough depth of a bore based on the bone hardness factor.