Drive-Shaft-Up Engine Layout for Hydrogen Storage and Rear Diffuser Space

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional internal combustion engine arrangements lead to suboptimal space utilization and dynamic performance in vehicles, particularly with the traditional orientation of cylinders and drive shaft, which affects hydrogen storage capacity and aerodynamic efficiency.

Innovation Solution

The internal combustion engine is oriented with the drive shaft positioned higher than the cylinders, allowing for a more compact and efficient arrangement that optimizes hydrogen tank placement and reduces the overall width of the engine, while also enabling a larger rear aerodynamic diffuser for improved aerodynamics.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Quantity of substance

If the internal combustion engine uses traditional orientation with cylinders up and drive shaft down, then the engine structure is conventional and easy to manufacture, but the space utilization is suboptimal and hydrogen storage capacity is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvehydrogen storage capacityVSAvoidengine orientation configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent inverts the traditional engine orientation by positioning the drive shaft above the cylinders instead of below. This inversion fundamentally changes the spatial arrangement of engine components, allowing hydrogen tanks to be placed in the previously occupied space above the drive shaft, thereby increasing hydrogen storage capacity while maintaining structural feasibility

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

2Length of moving object

If the internal combustion engine uses traditional orientation, then manufacturing is straightforward, but the overall width of the engine is larger and dynamic performance is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine widthVSAvoidengine assembly complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from a horizontal arrangement (cylinders above drive shaft) to a vertical arrangement (drive shaft above cylinders). This dimensional reorganization optimizes the engine's width footprint while maintaining compact overall dimensions, improving dynamic performance without significantly complicating the manufacturing process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the internal combustion engine uses traditional orientation, then component arrangement is conventional, but aerodynamic efficiency is reduced due to limited space for rear aerodynamic diffuser

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaerodynamic efficiencyVSAvoidcomponent arrangement configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

By inverting the engine orientation and positioning the drive shaft above the cylinders, the patent creates additional space at the rear of the vehicle for a larger aerodynamic diffuser. This inversion of the traditional layout directly addresses aerodynamic efficiency by enabling more effective airflow management under the rear bumper

Inventive Principle:
Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

4Ease of operation

If the internal combustion engine uses traditional orientation, then the layout is conventional, but accessibility and sound quality are compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent accessibilityVSAvoidcomponent placement configuration
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The vertical reorganization of engine components places frequently accessed elements in more reachable positions and separates noise-generating components from the passenger compartment. This dimensional rearrangement improves both accessibility for maintenance and acoustic comfort without requiring complex additional systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Data Source

PatentEP4328432B1Car provided with an internal combustion engine arranged with drive shaft up
Publication Date: 2024.10.09 FERRARI SPA
  • EP4328432B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4328432B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4328432B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A car (1) having: two front wheels (2); two rear drive wheels (4); an internal combustion engine (5) which is provided with a plurality of cylinders (18) inside which respective pistons (19) slide and with a drive shaft (20) connected to the pistons (19), and arranged longitudinally in a central or rear position; and a transmission system (6) which connects the drive shaft (20) of the internal combustion engine (5) to the rear drive wheels (4). The internal combustion engine (5) is oriented vertically with the drive shaft (20) arranged higher than the cylinders (18) .