Dry Reagent Sheet for Uniform Diffusion in Aqueous Solutions

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing test reagents, both dry and liquid types, face issues such as uneven reagent diffusion leading to nonspecific reactions and decreased sensitivity in dry types, and reagent separation in liquid types when left standing, requiring stirring and diffusion before use.

Innovation Solution

A test reagent system featuring a dry reagent component held by a sheet-shaped holding membrane made of fibrous materials like cellulose or water-soluble resins, which disperses easily in an aqueous solution, preventing undissolution and coagulation, and allowing for simple diffusion and long-term preservation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Duration of action of stationary object

If a dry type reagent is used, then long-term preservation is enabled, but the reagent component does not evenly diffuse when eluted leading to nonspecific reactions and decreased sensitivity

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepreservation periodVSAvoidsensitivity

Core Design Contradiction:

Duration of action of stationary objectVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

A water-soluble resin is introduced as an intermediary carrier to hold the reactant in a dry state. The resin disperses uniformly in the aqueous solution, acting as a mediator that enables even diffusion of the reactant while maintaining long-term stability in dry form. This resolves the contradiction by providing both preservation capability and uniform diffusion through the intermediary material.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The reagent system uses a composite structure combining a water-soluble resin with the reactant. This composite material allows the reactant to be stored in a stable dry state while ensuring uniform dispersion when the resin dissolves in water. The composite approach simultaneously achieves long-term preservation and even diffusion without nonspecific reactions.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Stability of the object's composition

If a liquid type reagent is used, then even diffusion is achieved, but the reagent component separates when left standing requiring stirring and diffusion before dispensing

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvediffusion uniformityVSAvoidoperation complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Stability of the object's compositionVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of storing the reagent in liquid form that requires stirring to maintain uniformity, the invention inverts the approach by storing it in dry form. The uniform diffusion is achieved not by mechanical stirring but by the natural dispersion of water-soluble resin particles when they dissolve in the aqueous solution, eliminating the need for stirring operations.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #13The other way round (Inversion)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses a disposable dry reagent packet containing water-soluble resin particles. Each packet is designed for single use, eliminating the need for stirring and diffusion operations. The resin particles naturally disperse in the solution, providing even diffusion without requiring mechanical intervention, thus simplifying the operation.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #27Cheap short-living objects (Disposable)

3Duration of action of stationary object

If a dry reagent component is used, then long-term preservation is enabled, but undissolution and coagulation occur preventing efficient testing

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepreservation periodVSAvoidtesting efficiency

Core Design Contradiction:

Duration of action of stationary objectVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the physical and chemical parameters of the carrier material by selecting water-soluble resins with specific solubility characteristics. This parameter change ensures that the resin particles dissolve completely and uniformly in the aqueous solution, preventing undissolution and coagulation. The controlled solubility parameter enables both long-term dry storage and efficient dissolution for rapid testing.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The composite material of water-soluble resin and reactant is designed to maintain stability in dry form for long-term preservation while ensuring complete and uniform dissolution in water. This composite structure prevents coagulation by distributing the reactant uniformly within the resin matrix, which then disperses evenly when dissolved, thereby achieving both preservation and testing efficiency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables efficient and rapid testing by ensuring the reagent component remains dissolved and dispersed, preventing deterioration and facilitating easy diffusion, thus improving sensitivity and reducing operator burden.

Implementation Method 1

The sheet-shaped member disperses in an aqueous solution in which the reactant dissolves

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDispersion: Dispersion (of waves)

Implementation Method 2

the reactant dissolves in the aqueous solution

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDissolution: Solvation

Implementation Method 3

preventing undissolution and coagulation

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectPrevention of coagulation: Coagulation

Data Source

PatentUS10401355B2Test reagent, test reagent kit, and specimen measuring system

Publication Date: 2019.09.03 CANON MEDICAL SYST CORP

AI summary

A test reagent includes a reactant and a sheet-shaped member. The reactant is in a dry state and specifically reacts with a test substance. The sheet-shaped member holds the reactant and disperses in a solvent solution in which the reactant dissolves.