Dual-Board Patch Array Antenna for Wideband Polarization Isolation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Traditional array antenna designs suffer from insufficient gain bandwidth, low conversion efficiency, and poor antenna isolation due to their feed network structure, making them less effective in environments with obstructions.
Innovation Solution
A dual board patch array antenna design incorporating a radio board with feed sources, probes, and patch-type conductive pads, along with first and second-layer antenna boards featuring patch microwave transmission lines and radiation surfaces, allowing for both horizontal and vertical polarizations, and employing series and parallel-connected microwave transmission line feed sources to enhance isolation and gain.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If traditional series feed source network method is used, then the antenna structure is easier to design and implement, but the antenna isolation and antenna gain are poor
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is divided into two separate layers: a first-layer antenna board for horizontal polarization and a second-layer antenna board for vertical polarization. Each layer has its own radiation ground plane and patch microwave transmission lines, segmenting the functions to improve isolation between polarizations while maintaining design simplicity
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from a single-plane antenna design to a three-dimensional stacked configuration with two-layer antenna boards separated by a radio board. This dimensional change allows independent optimization of each polarization plane while improving overall antenna gain and isolation through spatial separation
2Device complexity
If single PCB board design is used, then the structure is simpler, but the gain bandwidth and conversion efficiency are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The single PCB board is segmented into three separate boards: a radio board for signal distribution and two antenna boards for dual-polarization radiation. This segmentation enables each board to be optimized for its specific function, expanding the operational bandwidth and improving conversion efficiency while maintaining manageable structural complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The radio board serves multiple functions: it acts as a ground plane for the first-layer antenna, provides a support structure for the second-layer antenna, and functions as a feed network distribution board. This multi-functionality consolidates several components into one, maintaining structural simplicity while enhancing adaptability
3Ease of operation
If traditional array antenna structure is used, then the design is easier to implement, but the antenna isolation is poor
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system segments horizontal and vertical polarizations into separate layers, with each layer having dedicated feed sources and radiation ground planes. This physical segmentation achieves superior isolation between polarizations while maintaining ease of implementation through modular construction
Solution Approach 2:
The radio board acts as an intermediary between the two antenna boards, providing electrical isolation through its ground plane while maintaining mechanical support and signal distribution. This intermediary structure facilitates easy implementation through standardized stacking while achieving poor isolation performance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dual board patch array antenna achieves high isolation (>30 dB) between horizontally and vertically polarized antennas, maintains consistent gain across a wide frequency range, and increases radiation area, supporting operation in various frequency bands including WiFi_11AX (5.15 GHz to 5.85 GHz) with improved performance.
Implementation Method 1
the patch microwave transmission lines are assigned to the antenna radiating elements to serve as a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna
Implementation Method 2
a radio board including a ground plane, a plurality of feed sources, a plurality of probes and a plurality of patch-type conductive pads, the ground plane being provided on a side of the radio board
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a dual board patch array antenna, comprising: a radio board; a first-layer antenna board and a second-layer antenna board; the ground plane of the radio board is in contact with the first radiation ground plane of the first-layer antenna board through a patch-type conductive pad to form an extended ground area of ground connection; the probes of the radio board pass through and contact the patch microwave transmission line of the first-layer antenna board to form an electrical connection; wherein the patch microwave transmission line is assigned to the antenna radiating element of the second-layer antenna board as a vertically polarized antenna and a horizontally polarized antenna; the antenna radiating element contacts the first radiation surface on the first-layer antenna board through the conductor pad on the first layer antenna board, so as to expand the radiation surface area of the dual board patch array antenna.