Dual Carriage Additive Manufacturing Fusing System

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current additive manufacturing processes are slow and inefficient due to high powder temperatures leading to caking, which increases manufacturing time and requires longer cooling periods.

Innovation Solution

A dual carriage fusing system where two carriages move in tandem over the work area, one carrying a heating lamp and the other a fusing agent dispenser, allowing for faster slew speeds and overlapping functions in a four-pass process to heat and fuse build material layers quickly.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional single carriage additive manufacturing process is used, then manufacturing process is simpler, but manufacturing speed is slow and powder temperature is high causing caking

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanufacturing speedVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the additive manufacturing process into separate functional modules: a layering device for depositing powder, a heating lamp for pre-heating, and a fusing lamp for selective fusion. These modules are distributed across two carriages that operate independently, allowing each component to perform its specific function efficiently without interfering with others.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system combines multiple operations into overlapping time windows: layering and heating occur simultaneously in the first pass, heating and fusing occur simultaneously in the second pass. This merging of operations in time and space increases productivity while the dual carriage design manages the complexity through coordinated independent movement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Speed

If heating lamp is used to pre-heat powder, then fusing speed is improved, but powder temperature increases causing caking

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefusing speedVSAvoidpowder temperature
Core Design Contradiction:
SpeedVSTemperature

Solution Approach 1:

The heating lamp pre-heats the entire powder layer uniformly before the fusing lamp applies selective heating. This preliminary action reduces the temperature differential during fusion, allowing faster fusing speeds while maintaining lower peak temperatures that prevent caking.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system applies different thermal treatments to different regions: the heating lamp provides uniform low-temperature pre-heating across the entire layer, while the fusing lamp provides localized high-temperature fusion only where needed. This spatial differentiation of thermal quality enables fast fusion without widespread overheating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Productivity

If high powder temperature is used for fusion, then fusion efficiency is improved, but cooling time increases and caking occurs

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvefusion efficiencyVSAvoidcooling time
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses periodic heating cycles with the heating lamp alternating between active and inactive states. During active periods, powder is heated to optimal fusion temperature; during inactive periods, powder cools slightly to prevent caking. This periodic thermal action maintains fusion efficiency while minimizing excessive temperature accumulation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach significantly reduces manufacturing time by lowering powder temperatures for faster cooling and minimizing caking, thereby enhancing the speed and efficiency of the additive manufacturing process.

Implementation Method 1

a heating lamp to heat layered build material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeating: Heating

Implementation Method 2

Light absorbing components in the fusing agent absorb light energy to help sinter, melt or otherwise fuse the build material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight absorption and conversion to heat: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 3

Light absorbing components in the fusing agent absorb light energy to help sinter, melt or otherwise fuse the build material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLight absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Data Source

PatentEP3487681B1Additive manufacturing
Publication Date: 2024.06.05 HEWLETT PACKARD DEVELOPMENT COMPANY LP
  • EP3487681B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3487681B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP3487681B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

In one example, a fusing system for an additive manufacturing machine includes a first carriage carrying a layering device and a fusing lamp, and a second carriage carrying a fusing agent dispenser. The first carriage and the second carriage are movable back and forth over the work area along the same line of motion so that the first carriage follows the second carriage in one direction and the second carriage follows the first carriage in the other direction.