Dual-Cavity Rotor Assembly for Variable-Speed Cooling Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

Cooling systems in variable frequency electric machines face challenges in managing coolant flow and pressure effectively across a range of rotational speeds, leading to inefficiencies and increased heat removal demands.

Innovation Solution

The design incorporates a rotor assembly with an inner and outer cavity connected by radial openings, where the inner surface at the coolant inlet is angled to increase coolant flow velocity as the rotor rotates, and the coolant flows from the inner to the outer cavity, reversing direction to manage pressure and reduce leakage, allowing for efficient heat removal and power generation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If a cooling system is added to a dry cavity electric machine, then heat removal capability is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveheat removal capabilityVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is nested within the rotor structure by defining inner and outer cavities within the rotor body itself. The inner cavity houses cooling channels while the outer cavity provides additional cooling pathways, creating a nested configuration that integrates cooling functionality without adding external components.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling system merges the stator and rotor cooling functions into a single integrated rotor assembly. The inner and outer cavities work together as a unified cooling network, combining multiple cooling pathways into one structure that serves the entire electric machine.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Temperature

If coolant flow velocity is increased to improve heat removal, then cooling effectiveness is improved, but coolant pressure drop increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidcoolant pressure drop
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSStress or pressure

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adapts coolant flow distribution based on rotational speed. At higher rotational speeds, the centrifugal forces naturally increase coolant flow velocity through the cavities, providing enhanced cooling when heat generation is highest, while at lower speeds the pressure drop remains manageable.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The cooling system transitions from a single-plane flow path to a three-dimensional dual-cavity configuration. Coolant flows through the inner cavity, crosses radially through openings, and continues through the outer cavity, utilizing multiple spatial dimensions to distribute flow and reduce pressure drop while maintaining high velocity in critical areas.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

3Adaptability or versatility

If the rotor rotates at variable speeds, then adaptability is improved, but coolant flow management becomes more difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadaptability to rotational speedsVSAvoidcoolant flow management
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is self-regulating through centrifugal forces generated by rotor rotation. As rotational speed increases, centrifugal force automatically increases coolant flow velocity and pressure distribution through the cavities, providing adaptive cooling performance without external control mechanisms or complex flow management systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration enhances cooling capabilities, maintains power density, and reduces coolant pressure drop, enabling effective heat removal and increased power generation without efficiency loss across varying rotational speeds.

Implementation Method 1

the inner surface at the coolant inlet is angled to increase coolant flow velocity as the rotor rotates

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCentrifugal force: Centrifugal Force

Implementation Method 2

coolant flows from the inner to the outer cavity, reversing direction to manage pressure and reduce leakage, allowing for efficient heat removal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Data Source

PatentEP4287464A1Rotor assembly for an electrical machine
Publication Date: 2023.12.06 GE AVIATION SYSTEMS LLC
  • EP4287464A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4287464A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4287464A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A rotor assembly (20) for an electric machine includes a first end (24) and a second end (26), the second end (26) distal from the first end (24) in an axial direction, an inner wall (34) extending between the first end (24) and the second end (26) and defining an inner cavity (39), and an outer wall (36) extending between the first end (24) and the second end (26), the outer wall (36) radially-overlying the inner wall (34) and defining an outer cavity (41) between the inner wall (34) and outer wall (36).