Dual-Chip Charging Circuit for High-Voltage Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Charging circuits with low withstand voltage are vulnerable to damage during high-voltage fast charging, as they are designed for slow charging protocols and lack adequate overvoltage protection.
Innovation Solution
A charging circuit with a first and second charging chip, where the second chip supports fast charging, negotiates with the charger to disconnect the first chip from the charger's power supply terminal and connect the second chip, allowing the charger to increase voltage for fast charging while preventing the first chip from bearing high voltage, using a controller and switches to manage the connection and overvoltage protection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If the charging voltage is increased to enable fast charging, then the charging speed is improved, but the first charging chip with low withstand voltage is vulnerable to damage from high voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The charging circuit is segmented into two distinct charging chips: a first charging chip for slow charging and a second charging chip for fast charging. This segmentation allows each chip to be optimized for its specific voltage range, with the second chip handling high-voltage fast charging while the first chip remains protected from overvoltage conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
A controller acts as an intermediary between the charger and the charging chips. It negotiates with the charger to determine fast charging capability, controls the switching between charging chips, and manages the power distribution. This intermediary function ensures that the first charging chip is never exposed to high voltages while enabling fast charging through the second chip.
2Device complexity
If a single charging chip is used for both slow and fast charging, then the device complexity is reduced, but the charging chip cannot withstand high voltages during fast charging
Solution Approach 1:
Different parts of the charging system have different voltage withstanding capabilities. The first charging chip is designed for low-voltage slow charging, while the second charging chip is designed for high-voltage fast charging. This local quality differentiation allows each component to operate within its safe voltage range while the system as a whole supports both charging modes.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging circuit dynamically switches between the first and second charging chips based on the charging mode. The controller adjusts which chip is active depending on whether slow charging or fast charging is being performed, allowing the system to adapt its configuration to match the operational requirements and avoid overvoltage damage.
3Loss of information
If the first charging chip remains connected to the charger during fast charging, then the charging protocol negotiation can continue, but the first charging chip is exposed to high voltage and may be damaged
Solution Approach 1:
The first charging chip is extracted from the high-voltage path during fast charging operations. The controller disconnects or isolates the first charging chip from the charger's power supply terminal while maintaining the charging protocol negotiation capability through the second charging chip, which is capable of withstanding high voltages.
Solution Approach 2:
The controller serves as an intermediary that maintains charging protocol communication while protecting the first charging chip. It manages the negotiation with the charger and ensures that the first charging chip operates only at safe voltage levels, even during fast charging when high voltages are present in the system.
Data Source
AI summary
A charging control method, and an electronic device are provided. The charging circuit includes a first power supply terminal, a second power supply terminal, a controller, a first switch, a second switch, a first charging chip, and a second charging chip. The second charging chip supports a fast charging protocol. The first power supply terminal is coupled to the first charging chip through the first switch and coupled to the second charging chip through the second switch, and the first power supply terminal is configured to be coupled to a charger. The first charging chip and the second charging chip are further coupled to the second power supply terminal, to be coupled to a battery. The first charging chip is coupled to a communication terminal of the charger. The first charging chip communicates with the charger to determine that the charger supports the fast charging protocol.