Dual Codebook Structure for 4Tx MIMO Beam Granularity

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current downlink multiple-input multiple-output (DL-MIMO) systems with 8Tx codebooks have limitations in beam granularity and support, particularly for ranks 3 and 4, and are not optimally robust across different propagation scenarios, leading to suboptimal performance in various communication systems.

Innovation Solution

A dual codebook structure is used for 4Tx systems, where the first codebook is constructed using a rotation matrix and a construction matrix with design parameters θ, α, and β, allowing for improved beam selection and co-phasing, and the second codebook is defined similarly to the LTE Rel.-10 8Tx codebook, enhancing performance for different propagation conditions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If 8Tx codebook is used for 4Tx systems, then codebook support is available, but beam granularity is insufficient and performance is suboptimal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecodebook supportVSAvoidbeam granularity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the codebook selection process into two independent parts: W1 for beam selection and W2 for co-phasing. This segmentation allows independent optimization of beam granularity (through W1 with 16 beams) while maintaining codebook support, resolving the contradiction between having codebook support and achieving fine beam granularity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a dual-codebook structure that adds a new dimension to the codebook design. Instead of using a single codebook with limited granularity, it uses the product of two codebooks (W = W1 × W2), where W1 provides beam selection in one dimension and W2 provides co-phasing in another dimension, achieving both codebook support and fine beam granularity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Ease of manufacture

If simple downscaling of 8Tx codebooks is used for 4Tx systems, then implementation is simple, but robustness across propagation scenarios is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveimplementation simplicityVSAvoidrobustness across propagation scenarios
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by making the codebook structure adaptive to different propagation scenarios. The dual-codebook structure with configurable parameters allows the system to optimize W1 and W2 separately for different channel conditions, achieving both implementation simplicity and robustness across diverse propagation scenarios.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses parameter changes to enhance robustness. By introducing configurable parameters in the W1 and W2 codebooks, the system can adapt to different propagation scenarios (line-of-sight, non-line-of-sight, urban, rural) while maintaining a relatively simple dual-codebook structure, thus achieving both simplicity and adaptability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Manufacturing precision

If dual codebook structure with design parameters is used, then beam granularity and robustness are improved, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam granularityVSAvoidcodebook structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the complex codebook design into two manageable components: W1 for beam selection and W2 for co-phasing. This segmentation reduces the perceived complexity by allowing independent design and optimization of each component, achieving fine beam granularity while keeping the overall structure manageable through clear functional separation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

4Reliability

If beam granularity for ranks 3 and 4 is different from ranks 1 and 2, then rank-specific optimization is achieved, but codebook design complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverank-specific performanceVSAvoidcodebook design complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies local quality by allowing different beam granularities for different ranks through the W1 codebook design. Each rank can have optimized beam selection characteristics while using the same dual-codebook structure, achieving rank-specific performance optimization without fundamentally changing the overall codebook architecture, thus managing complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Data Source

PatentEP2965481B1Multiple transmitter codebook methods and devices
Publication Date: 2018.06.20 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP2965481B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2965481B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2965481B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Various communication systems may benefit from codebook methods and devices for multiple transmitters. For example, a codebook for four transmitters (4Tx) may provide further enhancement for downlink multiple-input multiple-output (DL-MIMO) systems. A method can include weighting a signal for transmission based on a precoder selected according to a feedback from a codebook, such as codebooks A, B, C, D, or E, described herein. The method can also include sending the weighted signal.