Dual-Electrode Micro Biosensor for Glucose Interference Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Continuous glucose monitoring systems face interference from substances like ascorbic acid, acetaminophen, uric acid, and glucose analogs, which produce electrochemical signals similar to hydrogen peroxide, leading to unreliable glucose concentration measurements.
Innovation Solution
A micro biosensor with two working electrodes of different conductive materials, where one electrode consumes interferants, allowing the other to obtain accurate glucose concentration measurements by distinguishing between hydrogen peroxide and interfering signals.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single working electrode is used to measure glucose concentration, then the measurement process is simple, but interferants produce electrochemical signals that interfere with the measurement accuracy
Solution Approach 1:
The single working electrode is divided into two separate working electrodes with different functions: the first working electrode measures glucose concentration by detecting hydrogen peroxide signals, while the second working electrode eliminates interferants by oxidizing them at a lower potential. This segmentation allows each electrode to specialize in its specific function, resolving the contradiction between device simplicity and measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The second working electrode acts as an intermediary that removes interferants (such as ascorbic acid, acetaminophen, and uric acid) before they can interfere with the measurement at the first working electrode. By introducing this intermediary component, the system eliminates the harmful effect of interferants while maintaining the measurement capability of the first electrode.
2Measurement precision
If the second working electrode has high sensitivity to hydrogen peroxide, then it can effectively detect signals, but it cannot distinguish between hydrogen peroxide and interferant signals
Solution Approach 1:
The two working electrodes are designed with different local qualities through the use of different conductive materials and different working potentials. The first working electrode operates at a potential that detects hydrogen peroxide signals, while the second working electrode operates at a lower potential that selectively oxidizes interferants. This local differentiation allows each electrode to respond differently to the same chemical species, enabling signal discrimination.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the working potential parameter for each electrode to achieve selective detection. The first working electrode uses a higher potential optimized for hydrogen peroxide detection, while the second working electrode uses a lower potential that preferentially oxidizes interferants. By changing this key parameter (working potential) for different electrodes, the system achieves both high sensitivity and interferant discrimination.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the first working electrode reacts with interferants to produce interfering current signals, then the measurement range is extended, but the physiological signal becomes unreliable
Solution Approach 1:
The second working electrode converts the harmful effect of interferants into a beneficial outcome by deliberately oxidizing them at a lower potential. Instead of allowing interferants to produce interfering signals at the measurement electrode, the system uses the second electrode to consume them through controlled oxidation. This transforms the interferants from harmful substances into removable byproducts, improving signal reliability while maintaining the ability to measure a wide range of glucose concentrations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The micro biosensor effectively reduces measurement interference, providing more accurate glucose monitoring by utilizing a second working electrode to consume interferants and minimize their impact on the measurement signal.
Implementation Method 1
the first conductive material reacts with the hydrogen peroxide to produce a current signal
Implementation Method 2
the second sensing section produce an interference eliminating range, which contacts a surrounding of the first working electrode and at least partially overlaps with the measurement range to consume the interferant
Implementation Method 3
a chemical reagent covered on at least a portion of the first conductive material of the first sensing section for reacting with the glucose in the biofluid to produce hydrogen peroxide
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a micro biosensor for reducing a measurement interference when measuring a target analyte in the biofluid, including: a substrate; a first working electrode configured on the surface, and including a first sensing section; a second working electrode configured on the surface, and including a second sensing section which is configured adjacent to at least one side of the first sensing section; and a chemical reagent covered on at least a portion of the first sensing section for reacting with the target analyte to produce a resultant. When the first working electrode is driven by a first working voltage, the first sensing section measures a physiological signal with respect to the target analyte. When the second working electrode is driven by a second working voltage, the second conductive material can directly consume the interferant so as to continuously reduce the measurement inference of the physiological signal.