Dual-Frequency Satellite Downlink Transmitter Hardware Minimization

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current satellite transmitters for dual-frequency satellite-to-earth downlink systems require separate hardware for X-Band and Ka-Band frequencies, leading to increased size and power consumption due to independent transmission channels, which contradicts the goal of minimizing hardware and optimizing payload parameters.

Innovation Solution

A transmitter design that uses a smaller number of modulators and amplifiers, with each modulator capable of modulating signals across both frequency bands, and a control unit to selectively activate/deactivate transmission channels, reducing hardware and power usage by sharing components and optimizing signal strength and bandwidth.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Adaptability or versatility

If separate transmission paths are used for X-Band and Ka-Band frequencies, then each channel can work independently, but the amount of hardware increases and occupies more space on the transmitter board

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent channel operationVSAvoidamount of hardware
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a shared transmission path where a single set of hardware components (modulator, amplifier, antenna) performs multiple functions by sequentially handling both X-Band and Ka-Band frequencies. The modulator is configured to modulate input data onto both frequency bands, and the amplifier amplifies signals for both bands, eliminating the need for separate dedicated hardware for each frequency while maintaining the capability to operate on either band independently or simultaneously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges previously separate transmission paths for X-Band and Ka-Band into a single integrated transmission path. The modulator output for both frequencies is combined and fed to a single amplifier, which then feeds a single antenna. This consolidation reduces hardware quantity while preserving the functional independence of each frequency band through selective activation controlled by a control unit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Adaptability or versatility

If separate hardware is provided for each frequency band, then each channel can be optimized independently, but power consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel optimizationVSAvoidpower consumption
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic activation of transmission channels based on operational requirements. The control unit selectively activates only the required frequency band (X-Band or Ka-Band) or both bands simultaneously, deactivating unused channels to save power. This periodic or conditional activation pattern reduces overall power consumption compared to having all channels continuously active, while maintaining the ability to optimize each channel when needed.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

By using a shared amplifier that handles both frequency bands, the system reduces the total number of amplifiers required, directly reducing power consumption. The single amplifier is activated only when needed for each band, rather than maintaining separate always-on amplifiers for X-Band and Ka-Band, thereby optimizing power usage while preserving channel optimization capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If separate input data are provided for each modulator in separate channels, then each channel can be independently configured, but the amount of memory used for providing input data increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveindependent channel configurationVSAvoidamount of memory
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the input data paths by providing a single set of input data to the modulator for both X-Band and Ka-Band frequencies. Instead of maintaining separate memory buffers and data sources for each frequency band, the system uses one shared input data source that the modulator processes for both bands, significantly reducing memory requirements while allowing independent configuration of each transmission channel through separate control parameters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The modulator is designed with multi-functionality to accept a single input data stream and modulate it onto both frequency bands. This universal modulator eliminates the need for duplicate modulators and their associated input data buffers, reducing memory usage while maintaining the ability to independently configure and optimize each frequency band's transmission parameters.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design minimizes hardware and memory usage, reduces power consumption, and extends the life expectancy of amplifiers by switching between different amplifiers, while maintaining sufficient signal strength for demodulation and data extraction on Earth, thereby addressing the challenge of hardware minimization and payload optimization.

Implementation Method 1

Each of the plurality of modulators is configured to modulate respective input data onto a respective one of a first plurality of signals in a first frequency band and to modulate the respective one of the first plurality of signals onto a respective one of a second plurality of signals in a second frequency band

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectModulation: Phase Modulation

Implementation Method 2

Each of the plurality of modulators can be configured to modulate the respective one of the first plurality of signals onto the respective one of the second plurality of signals by mixing the respective one of the first plurality of signals with a carrier signal having a frequency of a mid-frequency of the second frequency band minus a mid-frequency of a respective one of a plurality of channels in the first frequency band

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFrequency mixing: Heterodyne

Implementation Method 3

Each of the first plurality of amplifiers is configured to amplify a respective one of the first plurality of signals to at least a first predetermined signal strength. Each of the second plurality of amplifiers is configured to amplify a respective one of the second plurality of signals to at least a second predetermined signal strength

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSignal amplification: Magnetic Amplifier

Data Source

PatentEP3396870B1Dual-frequency downlink transmitter
Publication Date: 2023.11.01 AIRBUS DEFENCE & SPACE GMBH
  • EP3396870B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3396870B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3396870B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A transmitter for a dual-frequency satellite-to-earth downlink is provided. The transmitter comprises a plurality of modulators, a first plurality of amplifiers and a second plurality of amplifiers. In one embodiment, each of the plurality of modulators is configured to modulate respective input data onto a respective one of a first plurality of signals in a first frequency band and to modulate the respective one of the first plurality of signals onto a respective one of a second plurality of signals in a second frequency band. Each of the first plurality of amplifiers is configured to amplify a respective one of the first plurality of signals to at least a first predetermined signal strength. Each of the second plurality of amplifiers is configured to amplify a respective one of the second plurality of signals to at least a second predetermined signal strength. A number of the plurality of modulators is smaller than a sum of a number of the first plurality of amplifiers and the second plurality of amplifiers.