Dual Fuel Injection Nozzle for Liquid-Gas Mixture Combustion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current dual fuel combustion engines face challenges in efficiently injecting gas and liquid fuels while maintaining low emissions and operational efficiency, due to the complexity and cost of fuel injection systems, particularly in achieving the required fuel flexibility and nitrogen oxides regulation.
Innovation Solution
A system that compresses and mixes liquid hydrocarbon fuel with a hydrocarbon gas to form a liquid fuel mixture, which is then injected into the combustion chamber, along with additional air and gas fuel, using a dual fuel injection system and pre-mixer to enhance fuel flexibility and reduce emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a dual fuel injection system is designed to operate on both liquid and gas fuels, then fuel flexibility is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel injection system is designed with a single nozzle that can handle both liquid fuel injection and gas fuel injection by accepting different fuel types through the same injection port. The system achieves multi-functionality by using a universal injection mechanism that adapts to different fuel phases without requiring separate dedicated injection systems for liquid and gas fuels.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters such as injection pressure and nozzle configuration to accommodate different fuel types. By adjusting these parameters, the same injection system can effectively deliver both liquid and gaseous fuels, resolving the contradiction between fuel flexibility and system complexity.
2Productivity
If liquid fuel injection ports are made smaller to match gas fuel injection requirements, then gas fuel injection efficiency is improved, but liquid fuel injection capability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The injection port and nozzle system incorporates dynamic adjustability, allowing the opening size and injection characteristics to change based on the fuel type being injected. This dynamic capability enables the system to optimize for gas fuel injection when needed while maintaining full liquid fuel injection capability, resolving the size constraint contradiction.
Solution Approach 2:
The injection system is segmented into adjustable components that can be configured for different fuel types. The nozzle structure includes movable or adjustable elements that can be positioned to create appropriate opening sizes for either liquid or gas fuel injection, allowing both functions to operate effectively.
3Productivity
If combustion temperature is increased to improve engine efficiency, then overall efficiency is improved, but nitrogen oxides emissions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the fuel composition parameter by injecting gas fuel (such as natural gas or propane) in combination with liquid fuel. This parameter change in fuel type alters the combustion characteristics, allowing higher combustion temperatures for improved efficiency while the specific gas fuel composition helps control nitrogen oxides formation through different combustion chemistry.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach simplifies fuel injection, reduces emissions, and increases engine efficiency by allowing higher temperature combustion and flexible operation between liquid and gas fuels, while maintaining low nitrogen oxides levels.
Implementation Method 1
The compressor is configured to mix and compress a liquid hydrocarbon fuel and a first hydrocarbon gas fuel, thereby dissolving at least a portion of the first hydrocarbon gas fuel in the liquid hydrocarbon fuel to form a liquid fuel mixture
Implementation Method 2
The dual fuel injection system includes a nozzle that is configured to inject the liquid fuel mixture into the combustion chamber of the combustion engine
Implementation Method 3
The input system is fluidly connected with the combustion engine, and configured to inject air and a second hydrocarbon gas fuel into the combustion chamber
Implementation Method 4
The input system includes a pre-mixer configured to mix air and a second methane gas to produce a gas fuel mixture
Implementation Method 5
The combustion engine is disposed downstream of the compressor and includes a dual fuel injection system and a combustion chamber
Data Source
AI summary
A system 10 and method of operating the system 10 are disclosed. The system 10 includes a compressor 20, a combustion engine 30, and an input system 60. The compressor 20 is configured to mix and compress a liquid hydrocarbon fuel 15 and a first hydrocarbon gas fuel 17, thereby to form a liquid fuel mixture 21. The combustion engine 30 is disposed downstream of the compressor 20 and includes a dual fuel injection system 40 and a combustion chamber 50. The dual fuel injection system 40 includes a nozzle 42 that is configured to inject the liquid fuel mixture 21 into the combustion chamber 50 of the combustion engine 30. The input system 60 is fluidly connected with the combustion engine 30, and configured to inject air 62 and a second hydrocarbon gas fuel 64 into the combustion chamber 50.