Dual Fuel Injector Control for Engine Efficiency and Emissions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Dual injection systems in vehicle engines, which combine direct injection (DI) and port fuel injection (PFI) systems, require complex control algorithms to operate within designed parameters due to design and implementation differences, leading to challenges in balancing efficiency and emissions.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for controlling multiple fuel injectors, where a controller determines and adjusts the injection masses and pulse quantities for both DI and PFI injectors to ensure operation at or above minimum mass per pulse specifications, optimizing fuel distribution and engine efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If direct injection (DI) systems are used to increase compression ratio and engine efficiency, then engine efficiency is improved, but small particulate emissions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The fuel injection system is segmented into two separate injection systems: direct injection (DI) fuel injectors for efficiency and port fuel injection (PFI) fuel injectors for emissions control. This segmentation allows each system to operate in its optimal regime, with DI providing high efficiency and PFI reducing particulate emissions by injecting fuel upstream of the combustion chamber.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If dual injection systems combining DI and PFI are used to balance efficiency and emissions, then both efficiency and emissions are balanced, but control algorithm complexity increases due to design differences between DI and PFI injectors
Solution Approach 1:
The control algorithm applies local quality by recognizing and accommodating the different design characteristics of DI and PFI injectors. Specifically, the system accounts for the fact that DI injectors typically have lower minimum mass per pulse requirements compared to PFI injectors, allowing the controller to optimize fuel distribution by assigning appropriate injector types for specific operating conditions and fuel dosing requirements.
3Adaptability or versatility
If fuel injectors with different minimum mass per pulse specifications are used in dual injection systems, then fuel distribution flexibility is improved, but ensuring operation at or above minimum mass per pulse becomes more challenging
Solution Approach 1:
The control algorithm incorporates feedback mechanisms to continuously monitor and adjust fuel injection parameters. The controller calculates the minimum mass per pulse for each injector based on its specific characteristics and adjusts the injection strategy to ensure that each injector operates at or above its minimum mass per pulse threshold, thereby maintaining reliability while preserving fuel distribution flexibility.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for controlling a plurality of fuel injectors for a vehicle may include determining a total fuel mass for a combustion stage in a cylinder. The method further may include determining a first injection mass for a first fuel injector and a second injection mass for a second fuel injector. A sum of the first injection mass and the second injection mass is equal to the total fuel mass. The first fuel injector and the second fuel injector are configured to provide fuel to the cylinder. A first minimum mass per pulse of the first fuel injector is greater than a second minimum mass per pulse of the second fuel injector. The method further may include controlling the first fuel injector and the second fuel injector based at least in part on the first injection mass and the second injection mass.