Dual-Loop Ticket Reader Antenna for EMV Card Coupling
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing ticket readers are unable to interact with bank cards while maintaining compatibility with current standards, due to issues with communication volume and antenna design.
Innovation Solution
A ticket reader with a dual-loop antenna system, where a powered loop and a passive loop are tuned to specific frequencies, allowing for efficient electromagnetic coupling and compatibility with EMV standard bank cards, eliminating the need for ferrite and optimizing communication volume.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the antenna dimensions are adapted according to the state of the art, then the communication volume is increased, but the compatibility with EMV standards is lost
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna is divided into two separate loops: a powered loop and a passive loop. Each loop is tuned to a different frequency, allowing them to serve distinct functions. The powered loop generates the electromagnetic field, while the passive loop shapes the communication volume without consuming power, thus maintaining EMV standard compatibility while achieving the required communication volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The passive loop acts as an intermediary element that modifies the electromagnetic field generated by the powered loop. By being tuned to a different frequency, it shapes the communication volume without directly interfering with the powered communication between the ticket reader and bank cards, thus maintaining standard compatibility while expanding functionality.
2Reliability
If ferrite is used in the antenna design, then magnetic field channeling is improved, but cost and device complexity increase
Solution Approach 1:
The ferrite material is completely removed from the antenna design. Instead of using ferrite for magnetic field channeling, the patent employs a passive loop tuned to a different frequency to achieve the desired field shaping and communication volume, thereby simplifying the device structure and reducing cost.
Solution Approach 2:
The passive magnetic field channeling function previously achieved by ferrite is replaced by an electromagnetic approach using a passive loop. This loop, tuned to a different frequency, shapes the communication volume through electromagnetic coupling without requiring magnetic materials, thus eliminating the need for ferrite and reducing device complexity.
3Device complexity
If a single powered loop is used, then the antenna structure is simple, but the communication volume cannot meet EMV standards
Solution Approach 1:
The antenna system is segmented into two loops with distinct functions: the powered loop for generating electromagnetic fields and the passive loop for shaping the communication volume. This segmentation allows the system to achieve the required communication volume while maintaining relative structural simplicity through clear functional division.
Solution Approach 2:
The passive loop serves multiple functions: it shapes the communication volume, eliminates the need for ferrite, and does not interfere with the powered communication. By being tuned to a different frequency, it performs its volume-shaping function without consuming power or complicating the powered communication system, thus achieving multi-functionality with minimal added complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables interaction with bank cards within the required communication standards, improving cost, performance, and compactness, while being robust to external metallic influences and compatible with existing ticketing equipment.
Implementation Method 1
interactions between ticket readers and contactless cards are implemented by means of antennas according to the principle of magnetic coupling
Implementation Method 2
interactions between ticket readers and contactless cards are implemented by means of antennas according to the principle of magnetic coupling
Implementation Method 3
The ferrite is suitable for channeling magnetic field lines, which is necessary given the effects of a metallic environment on the reader's performance
Data Source
Figure 1
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AI summary
The invention relates to a ticket reader adapted for remote interaction with a contactless medium, in particular a bank card. The reader comprises: - an antenna (46) adapted for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves at an operating frequency, and - a controller adapted for supplying current to a component. The antenna (46) comprises a first loop (48) tuned to a first frequency and a second loop (50) tuned to a second frequency, the first and second frequencies being distinct, the first frequency being the operating frequency of the antenna (46).