Dual-Objective Microscope for Simultaneous High-Low Magnification Imaging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional optical and confocal microscopes cannot view a sample simultaneously at both high and low magnifications, nor can they achieve rapid switching between high and low magnification images, limiting real-time imaging capabilities.
Innovation Solution
A microscope configuration with a beam splitter and spatial light modulator that splits light paths to enable simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous high and low magnification imaging, using a detector with separate portions for transmitted and reflected light to generate confocal images, and a shutter mechanism for rapid objective switching.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a single objective lens is positioned in the optical path at a time, then the microscope structure remains simple, but simultaneous high and low magnification imaging cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The optical path is segmented into multiple independent channels, each equipped with its own objective lens (high magnification and low magnification). The beam splitter divides the light path into separate channels that can be independently controlled, allowing simultaneous operation of multiple objectives without increasing overall system complexity
Solution Approach 2:
A beam splitter acts as an intermediary device that receives light from the light source and directs it to multiple objective lenses simultaneously. This mediator enables the division of the optical path without requiring complex mechanical switching mechanisms, resolving the contradiction between structural simplicity and multi-magnification capability
2Device complexity
If conventional optical paths are used without beam splitting, then the optical configuration remains simple, but rapid switching between magnifications cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The system transitions from a static single-path optical configuration to a dynamic multi-path system controlled by shutters. The shutters can rapidly switch between different magnification channels, enabling quick transitions between high and low magnification imaging without mechanical repositioning of objectives
Solution Approach 2:
The shutters implement periodic switching between different optical paths, alternating between high magnification and low magnification channels in a rhythmic manner. This periodic action enables rapid, repeated switching between magnifications for quasi-simultaneous viewing
3Device complexity
If a single detector is used, then the detector structure remains simple, but simultaneous detection of transmitted and reflected light cannot be achieved
Solution Approach 1:
The detector is segmented into multiple independent detection regions, each dedicated to detecting specific light paths (transmitted light and reflected light). This segmentation allows simultaneous detection of multiple signals without requiring complex signal processing or sequential scanning
Solution Approach 2:
Multiple detection functions (detecting transmitted light and reflected light simultaneously) are merged into a single detector device. This combining approach enables simultaneous multi-channel detection while maintaining a relatively simple overall detector structure, improving productivity without excessive complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables simultaneous or quasi-simultaneous viewing and capturing of high and low magnification images, allowing rapid switching without altering the optical configuration, and facilitates efficient image processing and storage.
Implementation Method 1
The beam splitter comprises a spatial light modulator comprising a plurality of transmissive and non-transmissive portions
Implementation Method 2
light from a light source is focused onto a single spot on the sample, and light emanating from that spot is then collected by an objective lens and focused onto a detector
Implementation Method 3
light emanating from that spot (for example, by reflection or fluorescence)
Data Source
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AI summary
A microscope comprising: a sample stage for mounting a sample; a light source for illuminating the sample when mounted on the sample stage; a detector; a first objective disposed on one side of the sample stage; a second objective disposed on an opposite side of the sample stage; a first set of optical elements defining a first light path from the first objective to the detector; and a second set of optical elements defining a second light path from the second objective to the detector. The first objective and the second objective have a common optical axis and are configured to image a sample mounted on the sample stage in a common focal plane. Furthermore, the first objective is a high magnification objective and the second objective is a low magnification objective. The provision of such a microscope configuration enables a sample to be viewed simultaneously at both high and low magnifications and/or allows rapid switching between high and low magnification images, for example to provide quasi-simultaneous viewing at both magnifications.