Dual Plug Pipeline Isolation Tool for Restricted Bore Repair
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current pipeline isolation methods are limited in isolating sections with significant bore restrictions, as existing tools face challenges in passing through dented or damaged sections, leading to increased pressure risks and potential pipe damage, especially when restrictions exceed 10% of the pipe diameter.
Innovation Solution
A dual plug module system where the first plug module is locked to the pipe in a fluid bypass mode to mitigate pressure risks, allowing the second plug module to bypass the first, enabling effective isolation and repair of restricted sections without causing pipe damage, using a combination of lock, seal, and hydraulic control mechanisms.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a high jump isolation plug is used to pass through a restricted pipe bore, then the plug can clear minor restrictions (up to 5-10% bore restriction), but the solution becomes infeasible when restrictions exceed this limit
Solution Approach 1:
The isolation system is divided into multiple segments: a first plug module that remains stationary at the restriction and a second plug module that travels through the restriction. This segmentation allows the system to handle larger bore restrictions by distributing the functional requirements across separate components rather than requiring a single high-clearance plug.
Solution Approach 2:
The first plug module acts as an intermediary element that facilitates the passage of the second plug module through the restriction. By providing a staged approach where the first plug creates a controlled environment, the system enables the second plug to navigate restrictions that would otherwise be impassable for conventional single-plug systems.
2Adaptability or versatility
If pigging isolation tools are used from both ends of the pipe, then larger bore restrictions can be addressed, but fluid compression between plugs raises pipe pressure and risks pipe damage or rupture
Solution Approach 1:
The first plug module is deployed and positioned at the restriction location before the second plug module is introduced. This preliminary action creates a controlled configuration where the first plug serves as a reference point and pressure management mechanism, allowing safe deployment of the second plug without causing dangerous fluid compression.
Solution Approach 2:
The first plug module functions as an intermediary that mediates the interaction between the fluid and the second plug module. By remaining stationary and providing a stable reference point, it prevents uncontrolled fluid compression and associated pressure buildup that would occur with simultaneous two-ended pigging.
3Device complexity
If conventional single plug isolation tools are used, then the tool structure remains simple, but the tool cannot pass through dented or damaged sections with significant bore restrictions
Solution Approach 1:
The system segments the isolation function into two distinct plug modules with different roles. The first plug module is designed to navigate to and remain at the restriction, while the second plug module is designed to travel through the restriction. This segmentation enables passage through dented sections without requiring either plug to have excessive clearance, maintaining structural simplicity while improving adaptability.
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of attempting to pass a single large-clearance plug through the restriction, the system inverts the approach by having a first plug remain stationary at the restriction and allowing a second plug to pass through. This inversion of the conventional single-plug approach enables navigation through restricted sections while maintaining reasonable structural simplicity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Facilitates safe and effective isolation of pipe sections with significant restrictions, allowing for repair or replacement while preventing pipe damage from increased pressure, by using a dual plug module system with fluid bypass capabilities and hydraulic control.
Implementation Method 1
a pigging tool located within the pipe bore and propelled through the pipe by a pressure force generated by the pipe flow
Implementation Method 2
fluid bypass of the first plug module, thereby mitigating or eliminating the risk of damage to the pipe caused by increased pressure in the pipe
Data Source
Figure 1~1a
Figure 2
Figure 3~3a
AI summary
An isolation tool is adapted for location in a pipe and comprises a first plug module and a second plug module. The first plug module is configurable: to grip the pipe and permit fluid bypass; to prevent fluid bypass without gripping the pipe; and to isolate the pipeline with gripping and leak tight sealing allowing a section to be fully de- pressurised. In use, the first and second plug modules are inserted into opposite ends of the pipe. The first plug module is pigged to a location in the second mode with a seal against the pipe but no grip then is configured in the fluid bypass mode when the second plug module is travelling through the pipe so that fluid displaced by the second plug module bypasses the first plug module. The second plug module and first plug module are then sealingly secured to the pipe to isolate a section of the pipe wall having a restriction.