Dual-Polarization Antenna Array for Beamforming Power Optimization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing antenna arrangements for wireless devices at high frequency bands face challenges in achieving flexible beam shapes and maximizing output power while adhering to regulatory emission limits, as they often require close antenna element placement to avoid grating lobes but need to be spaced out for power optimization.
Innovation Solution
The proposed antenna arrangement divides the antenna array into two sub-arrays with identical locations but different polarizations, allowing for flexible beamforming and increased spatial separation to maximize output power without exceeding emission limits, using a single baseband chain and analog distribution network with phase shifters and power amplifiers.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If antenna elements are placed close to each other to avoid grating lobes, then beamforming performance is improved, but output power is reduced due to regulatory emission limits per square centimeter
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a two-dimensional planar arrangement to a three-dimensional configuration by stacking multiple antenna arrays in different polarizations (e.g., horizontal and vertical polarizations) at different spatial locations. This dimensional change allows the system to achieve both close spacing within each array (for beamforming) and increased overall spatial separation (for power distribution), resolving the contradiction between beamforming performance and output power capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The antenna system is segmented into multiple independent antenna arrays, each with its own power amplifier and baseband chain. These segmented arrays operate in different polarizations and can be independently controlled, allowing the system to maintain high gain beams through coherent combining while distributing power across multiple spatial locations to comply with emission limits.
2Power
If antenna elements are spread out to maximize output power, then power capability is improved, but grating lobes are generated degrading beamforming performance
Solution Approach 1:
By introducing the third dimension (vertical stacking of horizontally polarized arrays and horizontal stacking of vertically polarized arrays), the system achieves spatial separation without increasing in-plane distances that would cause grating lobes. The cross-polarization arrangement ensures that elements in different arrays are orthogonal, allowing power distribution while maintaining beamforming integrity through polarization diversity.
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple panels of antenna arrays are mounted on different sides to provide omnidirectional coverage, then coverage capability is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple antenna arrays with different polarizations into a unified antenna arrangement that shares common structural support and can be controlled through integrated beamforming algorithms. By combining horizontal and vertical polarization arrays in a coordinated manner, the system achieves omnidirectional coverage through electronic beam steering rather than requiring physically separate panels on different sides of the device.
Data Source
AI summary
There is provided an antenna arrangement. The antenna arrangement comprises a baseband chain. The antenna arrangement comprises an antenna array. The antenna array is coupled to the baseband chain and divided into a first sub-array and a second sub-array. The first sub-array comprises antenna elements of only a first polarization and the second sub-array comprises antenna elements of only a second polarization. The first sub-array and the second sub-array have their antenna elements at identical locations relative each other, except for the antenna elements of the first sub-array and the antenna elements of the second sub-array being translated, but not rotated, relative each other.