Dual-Rate Hydrogen Combustion Control for Turbine Engines

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional aircraft engines powered by aviation turbine fuel face challenges in emissions and efficiency, while hydrogen fuel, with its low boiling and freezing points, requires unique combustion control to ensure stable operation and rapid response to combustion dynamics.

Innovation Solution

A dedicated hydrogen combustion control system with a faster update rate than the primary engine control system, monitoring and controlling hydrogen fuel flow, ignition, and purge processes to manage the unique combustion characteristics of hydrogen, including rapid ignition and flame detection.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a dedicated hydrogen combustion control system with faster update rate is implemented, then combustion stability and response speed are improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecombustion stabilityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system is segmented into a dedicated hydrogen combustion control system operating at faster update rates and the primary engine control system. This segmentation allows the hydrogen-specific control functions to be handled separately with appropriate timing, improving combustion stability without requiring the entire control system to operate at high speeds, thus managing complexity through functional division.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Object-generated harmful factors

If hydrogen fuel is used instead of aviation turbine fuel, then emissions are improved, but combustion control difficulty increases due to low boiling and freezing points

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveemissionsVSAvoidcombustion control complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The control system accounts for the unique physical parameters of hydrogen fuel, including its low boiling and freezing points, by implementing specialized control logic and timing. This allows the system to manage hydrogen's volatile characteristics and achieve clean combustion with reduced emissions, despite the increased control complexity inherent in handling such a chemically active fuel.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables stable and efficient hydrogen combustion in aircraft engines by rapidly responding to combustion changes, ensuring safe and efficient operation without overburdening the primary control system.

Implementation Method 1

A hydrogen fuel assembly includes a hydrogen fuel source, a hydrogen fuel delivery assembly extending from the hydrogen fuel source to a combustor of the turbine engine, and an electronic combustion control system configured to control a combustion process performed by the combustor using a flow rate of the hydrogen fuel

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCombustion: Combustion

Data Source

PatentEP4372217B1Hydrogen combustion control system
Publication Date: 2025.09.10 GENERAL ELECTRIC CO
  • EP4372217B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4372217B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4372217B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A combustion control system (90) for a vehicle having a turbine engine (10) includes a hydrogen fuel system (80) having a fuel source (82) providing a hydrogen fuel, a combustor (116) operable to combust the hydrogen fuel to generate combustion gases, and a fuel delivery assembly (84) operable to deliver the hydrogen fuel from the fuel source (82) to the combustor (116). A first control system (100) has a first update rate and is operable to control one or more operational aspects of the turbine engine (10). A second control system (102) is in communication with the first control system (100) and the hydrogen fuel system (80) and has a second update rate faster than the first update rate. The second control system (102) is operable to monitor at least one parameter associated with the hydrogen fuel system (80) and output at least one control signal to the hydrogen fuel system (80) to control the delivery or the combustion of the hydrogen fuel.