Dual-Site Target Molecule Detection for Higher Selectivity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing target molecule detection methods, such as ELISA and those disclosed in JP 2023-160814 A, lack sufficient selectivity for detecting target molecules due to the first and second capture substances binding to the same site, leading to reduced specificity and sensitivity.
Innovation Solution
A target molecule detection kit and method utilizing a first binding element immobilized on a solid phase with reaction specificity to a first specific binding site and a second binding element connected to a label generating a detection signal with reaction specificity to a second specific binding site, ensuring high selectivity by binding to different sites on the target molecule.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If the first and second capture substances bind to the same site on the target substance, then the detection process is simplified, but the selectivity for the target substance is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the binding interaction into two separate segments: the first capture substance binds to a first binding site on the target substance, while the second capture substance binds to a second binding site. This segmentation ensures that both capture substances can simultaneously bind to the target without competing for the same site, thereby maintaining high selectivity while enabling a straightforward detection process.
2Ease of manufacture
If the first capture substance is used to fix the target substance and the second capture substance is used to detect the target substance, then the detection method is established, but high selectivity cannot be ensured when both bind to the same site
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by assigning different binding specificities to different parts of the detection system. The first capture substance is designed with specificity for a first binding site, while the second capture substance is designed with specificity for a second binding site. This local differentiation ensures that each component performs its function with high selectivity, preventing cross-competition and ensuring reliable target substance detection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enables easier and more accurate detection of target molecules with enhanced selectivity and sensitivity, allowing for precise quantification and differentiation from non-target molecules.
Implementation Method 1
a second binding element connected to a label capable of generating a detection signal through a chemical reaction
Data Source
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AI summary
A target molecule detection kit used to detect a target molecule (10) includes a first binding element (20) and a second binding element (40). The first binding element is immobilized on a solid phase (30). The first binding element has reaction specificity to a first specific binding site of the target molecule. The second binding element is connected to a label (50) that generates a detection signal. The second binding element having reaction specificity to a second specific binding site of the target molecule that is different from the first specific binding site.